כָּל הַמְטַמְּאִין בְּאֹהֶל שֶׁנֶּחְלְקוּ, וְהִכְנִיסָן לְתוֹךְ הַבַּיִת, רַבִּי דוֹסָא בֶּן הַרְכִּינַס מְטַהֵר, וַחֲכָמִים מְטַמְּאִין. כֵּיצַד. הַנּוֹגֵעַ בְּכִשְׁנֵי חֲצָאֵי זֵיתִים מִן הַנְּבֵלָה אוֹ נוֹשְׂאָן, וּבַמֵּת, הַנּוֹגֵעַ בְּכַחֲצִי זַיִת וּמַאֲהִיל עַל כַּחֲצִי זַיִת אוֹ נוֹגֵעַ בְּכַחֲצִי זַיִת וְכַחֲצִי זַיִת מַאֲהִיל עָלָיו, וּמַאֲהִיל עַל כִּשְׁנֵי חֲצָאֵי זֵיתִים, מַאֲהִיל עַל כַּחֲצִי זַיִת וְכַחֲצִי זַיִת מַאֲהִיל עָלָיו, רַבִּי דוֹסָא בֶּן הַרְכִּינַס מְטַהֵר וַחֲכָמִים מְטַמְּאִין. אֲבָל הַנּוֹגֵעַ בְּכַחֲצִי זַיִת וְדָבָר אַחֵר מַאֲהִיל עָלָיו וְעַל כַּחֲצִי זַיִת, אוֹ מַאֲהִיל עַל כַּחֲצִי זַיִת וְדָבָר אַחֵר מַאֲהִיל עָלָיו וְעַל כַּחֲצִי זַיִת, טָהוֹר. אָמַר רַבִּי מֵאִיר, אַף בָּזֶה רַבִּי דוֹסָא מְטַהֵר וַחֲכָמִים מְטַמְּאִין. הַכֹּל טָמֵא, חוּץ מִן הַמַּגָּע עִם הַמַּשָּׂא, וְהַמַּשָּׂא עִם הָאֹהֶל. זֶה הַכְּלָל, כֹּל שֶׁהוּא מִשֵּׁם אֶחָד, טָמֵא. מִשְּׁנֵי שֵׁמוֹת, טָהוֹר: [In the case of] all things which cause defilement in a “tent”, if they [the pieces of the corpse] were divided and brought into the house, Rabbi Dosa ben Harkinas pronounces [everything under the same roof-space] clean, but the Sages pronounce it unclean. How so? He who touches as much as two halves of an olive [in quantity] of an animal’s carcass or carries them; or in the case of a [human] corpse, he who touches as much as half an olive and stands over as much as half an olive; or touches as much as half an olive and as much as half an olive is above him; or if he stands over as much as two halves of an olive; or if he stands over as much as half an olive and as much as half an olive is above him Rabbi Dosa b. Harkinas pronounces him clean, and the Sages pronounce him unclean. But if he touches as much as half an olive [in quantity] and another thing was over him and over as much as half an olive; or if he stood over as much as half an olive and another thing was over him and over as much as half an olive, he is clean. Rabbi Meir said: “Also in this case Rabbi Dosa pronounces him clean and the sages pronounce him unclean. In all such cases a man is unclean unless there is an act of touching and also an act of carrying, or an act of carrying and also [the fact of] being under the same roof-space.” This is the general rule: in whatever case the means of causing defilement are of one category, he is unclean; if they are of two categories, he is clean.”
אֹכֶל פָּרוּד, אֵינוֹ מִצְטָרֵף, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי דוֹסָא בֶּן הַרְכִּינַס. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, מִצְטָרֵף. מְחַלְּלִין מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי עַל אֲסִימוֹן, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי דוֹסָא. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֵין מְחַלְּלִין. מַטְבִּילִין יָדַיִם לַחַטָּאת, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי דוֹסָא. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אִם נִטְמְאוּ יָדָיו, נִטְמָא גוּפוֹ: Food which is in separate pieces does not combine together [to receive impurity], according to Rabbi Dosa ben Harkinas. But the Sages say: “It does combines together.” One may exchange [ produce of] second tithe for uncoined metal, according to Rabbi Dosa. But the Sages say: “One may not so exchange it.” The hands [alone] need to be immersed for the waters of purification according to Rabbi Dosa. But the Sages say: “If his hands have become unclean his whole body becomes unclean.”
מְעֵי אֲבַטִּיחַ וּקְנִיבַת יָרָק שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה, רַבִּי דוֹסָא מַתִּיר לְזָרִים, וַחֲכָמִים אוֹסְרִין. חָמֵשׁ רְחֵלוֹת גְּזוּזוֹת מָנֶה מָנֶה וּפְרַס, חַיָּבוֹת בְּרֵאשִׁית הַגֵּז, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי דוֹסָא. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, חָמֵשׁ רְחֵלוֹת כָּל שֶׁהֵן: The insides of a melon and the discarded leaves of a vegetable of terumah: Rabbi Dosa permits [their] use to non-priests, and the Sages forbid it. Five ewes, their fleeces weighing each a mina and a half, are subject to [the law of] the first of the fleece, according to Rabbi Dosa. But the Sages say: “Five ewes [are subject] whatever [their fleeces weigh].”
כָּל הַחוֹצָלוֹת טְמֵאוֹת טְמֵא מֵת, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי דוֹסָא. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, מִדְרָס. כָּל הַקְּלִיעוֹת טְהוֹרוֹת, חוּץ מִשֶּׁל גַּלְגִּילוֹן, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי דוֹסָא. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, כֻּלָּם טְמֵאוֹת, חוּץ מִשֶּׁל צַמָּרִים: All mats are [liable to become] impure by “corpse” impurity, the words of Rabbi Dosa. But the Sages say: “[Also by] “midras” impurity. All network is unsusceptible to impurity except a [network] girdle, the words of Rabbi Dosa. But the Sages say: “They are all liable to uncleanness, except those used by wool dealers [for carrying raw wool].”
הַקֶּלַע שֶׁבֵּית קִבּוּל שֶׁלָּהּ אָרוּג, טְמֵאָה. וְשֶׁל עוֹר, רַבִּי דוֹסָא בֶּן הַרְכִּינָס מְטַהֵר וַחֲכָמִים מְטַמְּאִין. נִפְסַק בֵּית אֶצְבַּע שֶׁלָּהּ, טְהוֹרָה. בֵּית הַפָּקִיעַ שֶׁלָּהּ, טְמֵאָה: A sling whose pocket is woven is susceptible to impurity. If it is of leather, Rabbi Dosa ben Harkinas pronounces it not susceptible to impurity, and the Sages pronounce it susceptible to impurity. If its finger-hold is broken off, it is not susceptible to impurity; [But if the] string-handle [only] is broken off it is susceptible to impurity.
הַשְּׁבוּיָה אוֹכֶלֶת בַּתְּרוּמָה, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי דוֹסָא. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, יֵשׁ שְׁבוּיָה אוֹכֶלֶת וְיֵשׁ שְׁבוּיָה שֶׁאֵינָהּ אוֹכֶלֶת. כֵּיצַד. הָאִשָּׁה שֶׁאָמְרָה נִשְׁבֵּיתִי וּטְהוֹרָה אָנִי, אוֹכֶלֶת, שֶׁהַפֶּה שֶׁאָסַר הוּא הַפֶּה שֶׁהִתִּיר. וְאִם יֵשׁ עֵדִים שֶׁנִּשְׁבֵּית, וְהִיא אוֹמֶרֶת טְהוֹרָה אָנִי, אֵינָהּ אוֹכֶלֶת: A female captive may eat of terumah, according to the words of Rabbi Dosa b. Harkinas. But the Sages say: “There is a female captive who may eat, and there is a female captive who may not eat. How is this so? The woman who said: ‘I was taken captive but [nonetheless] I am pure’, she may eat; because the mouth that forbade is the same mouth that permit. But if there are witnesses [who declare] that she was made a captive, and she says: ‘[nonetheless] I am pure’, she may not eat.”
אַרְבָּעָה סְפֵקוֹת רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ מְטַמֵּא, וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִין. כֵּיצַד. הַטָּמֵא עוֹמֵד וְהַטָּהוֹר עוֹבֵר, הַטָּהוֹר עוֹמֵד וְהַטָּמֵא עוֹבֵר, טֻמְאָה בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד וְטָהֳרָה בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, טָהֳרָה בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד וְטֻמְאָה בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, סָפֵק נָגַע סָפֵק לֹא נָגַע, סָפֵק הֶאֱהִיל סָפֵק לֹא הֶאֱהִיל, סָפֵק הֵסִיט סָפֵק לֹא הֵסִיט, רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ מְטַמֵּא, וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִין: Four cases of doubt Rabbi Joshua pronounces impure, and the Sages pronounce them pure. How is this so? If the impure person stands and the pure person passes by him; or if the pure person stands and the impure person passes by him; or if impurity is in the private domain and something pure is in the public domain; Or if something pure is in the private domain and something impure is in the public domain; If it is doubtful [in all of these case] whether one touched or did not touch the other, or if it is doubtful whether one formed a tent over the other or did not form a tent over the other, or if it is doubtful whether one moved or did not move the other Rabbi Joshua pronounces such a case impure, and the Sages pronounce it pure.
שְׁלֹשָׁה דְבָרִים רַבִּי צָדוֹק מְטַמֵּא, וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִין. מַסְמֵר הַשֻּׁלְחָנִי, וְאָרוֹן שֶׁל גָּרוֹסוֹת, וּמַסְמֵר שֶׁל אֶבֶן שָׁעוֹת, רַבִּי צָדוֹק מְטַמֵּא וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִין: Three things Rabbi Zadok pronounces [liable to receive] impurity and the Sages pronounce them not [liable to receive]: The nail of the money-changer; And the chest of grist makers; And the nail of a stone dial. Rabbi Zadok pronounces [liable to receive] impurity and the Sages pronounce them not [liable to receive].
אַרְבָּעָה דְבָרִים רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל מְטַמֵּא, וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִין. כִּסּוּי טֶנִי שֶׁל מַתָּכוֹת שֶׁל בַּעֲלֵי בָתִּים, וּתְלוֹי הַמַּגְרֵדוֹת, וְגָלְמֵי כְלֵי מַתָּכוֹת, וְטַבְלָא שֶׁנֶּחְלְקָה לִשְׁנָיִם. וּמוֹדִים חֲכָמִים לְרַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל בְּטַבְלָא שֶׁנֶּחְלְקָה לִשְׁנַיִם, אֶחָד גָּדוֹל וְאֶחָד קָטָן, הַגָּדוֹל טָמֵא וְהַקָּטָן טָהוֹר: Four things Rabban Gamaliel pronounces susceptible to impurity, and the Sages pronounce them not susceptible to impurity.The covering of a metal basket, if it belongs to householders; And the hanger of a strigil; And metals vessels which are still unshaped; And a plate that is divided into two [equal] parts. And the Sages agree with Rabban Gamaliel in the case of a plate that was divided into two parts, one large and one small, that the large one is susceptible to impurity and the small one is not susceptible to impurity.
שְׁלֹשָׁה דְבָרִים רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל מַחְמִיר כְּדִבְרֵי בֵית שַׁמָּאי. אֵין טוֹמְנִין אֶת הַחַמִּין מִיּוֹם טוֹב לְשַׁבָּת, וְאֵין זוֹקְפִין אֶת הַמְּנוֹרָה בְּיוֹם טוֹב, וְאֵין אוֹפִין פִּתִּין גְּרִיצִין אֶלָּא רְקִיקִין. אָמַר רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל, מִימֵיהֶן שֶׁל בֵּית אַבָּא לֹא הָיוּ אוֹפִין פִּתִּין גְּרִיצִין אֶלָּא רְקִיקִין. אָמְרוּ לוֹ, מַה נַּעֲשֶׂה לְבֵית אָבִיךָ שֶׁהָיוּ מַחְמִירִין עַל עַצְמָן וּמְקִלִּין עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל לִהְיוֹת אוֹפִין פִּתִּין גְּרִיצִין וָחֹרִי: In three cases Rabban Gamaliel was strict like the words of Beth Shammai.One may not wrap up hot food on a festival for the Sabbath; And one may not join together a lamp on a festival; And one may not bake [on festivals] thick loaves but only wafer-cakes. Rabban Gamaliel said: “In all their days, my father’s house never baked large loaves but only wafer-cakes.” They said to him: “What can we do with regards to your father’s house, for they were strict in respect to themselves but were lenient towards Israel to let them bake both large loaves and even charcoal-roasted loaves.”
אַף הוּא אָמַר שְׁלֹשָׁה דְבָרִים לְהָקֵל. מְכַבְּדִין בֵּין הַמִּטּוֹת, וּמְנִיחִין אֶת הַמֻּגְמָר בְּיוֹם טוֹב, וְעוֹשִׂים גְּדִי מְקֻלָּס בְּלֵילֵי פְסָחִים. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹסְרִים: Also he declared three decisions of a lenient character:One may sweep up [on a festival] between the couches, And put spices [on the coals] on a festival; And roast a kid whole on the night of Passover. But the sages forbid them.
שְׁלֹשָׁה דְבָרִים רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן עֲזַרְיָה מַתִּיר, וַחֲכָמִים אוֹסְרִין. פָּרָתוֹ יוֹצְאָה בִרְצוּעָה שֶׁבֵּין קַרְנֶיהָ, וּמְקָרְדִין אֶת הַבְּהֵמָה בְּיוֹם טוֹב, וְשׁוֹחֲקִין אֶת הַפִּלְפְּלִין בָּרֵחַיִם שֶׁלָּהֶן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אֵין מְקָרְדִין אֶת הַבְּהֵמָה בְּיוֹם טוֹב, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא עוֹשֶׂה חַבּוּרָה, אֲבָל מְקַרְצְפִין. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֵין מְקָרְדִין אַף לֹא מְקַרְצְפִין: Rabbi Eleazar ben Azariah allows three things and the Sages forbid them:His cow used to go out with the strap which she had between her horns; One may curry cattle on a festival; And one may grind pepper in its own mill. Rabbi Judah says: one may not curry cattle on a festival, because it may cause a wound, but one may comb them. But the Sages say: one may not curry them, and one may not even comb them.