אֲנִי חֲבַצֶּלֶת הַשָּׁרוֹן, אָמְרָה כְּנֶסֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲנִי הִיא וַחֲבִיבָה אָנִי, אֲנִי שֶׁחִבְּבַנִי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מִשִּׁבְעִים אֻמּוֹת. חֲבַצֶּלֶת הַשָּׁרוֹן, שֶׁעָשִׂיתִי לוֹ צֵל עַל יְדֵי בְּצַלְאֵל, דִּכְתִיב (שמות לז, א): וַיַּעַשׂ בְּצַלְאֵל אֶת הָאָרֹן. הַשָּׁרוֹן, שֶׁאָמַרְתִּי לְפָנָיו שִׁירָה עַל יְדֵי משֶׁה, דִּכְתִיב (שמות טו, א): אָז יָשִׁיר משֶׁה וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל. דָּבָר אַחֵר, אֲנִי חֲבַצֶּלֶת הַשָּׁרוֹן, אֲנִי הִיא וַחֲבִיבָה אָנִי, אֲנִי הִיא שֶׁהָיִיתִי חֲבוּיָה בְּצִלָן שֶׁל מִצְרַיִם, וּלְשָׁעָה קַלָּה כִּנְּסַנִי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְרַעְמְסֵס, וְהִרְטַבְתִּי מַעֲשִׂים טוֹבִים כְּשׁוֹשַׁנָּה, וְאָמַרְתִּי לְפָנָיו אֶת הַשִּׁירָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה ל, כט): הַשִּׁיר יִהְיֶה לָכֶם כְּלֵיל הִתְקַדֵּשׁ חָג. דָּבָר אַחֵר, אֲנִי חֲבַצֶּלֶת הַשָּׁרוֹן, אֲנִי הִיא וַחֲבִיבָה אָנִי, אֲנִי הִיא שֶׁהָיִיתִי חֲבוּיָה בְּצִלּוֹ שֶׁל יָם, וּלְשָׁעָה קַלָּה הִרְטַבְתִּי מַעֲשִׂים טוֹבִים כְּשׁוֹשַׁנָּה, וְהֶרְאֵיתִיו בְּאֶצְבַּע מָנוֹן עֲבוּרִי, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות טו, ב): זֶה אֵלִי וְאַנְוֵהוּ. דָּבָר אַחֵר, אֲנִי חֲבַצֶּלֶת הַשָּׁרוֹן, אֲנִי הִיא וַחֲבִיבָה אָנִי, אֲנִי הִיא שֶׁהָיִיתִי חֲבוּיָה בְּצִלּוֹ שֶׁל סִינַי, וּלְשָׁעָה קַלָּה הִרְטַבְתִּי מַעֲשִׂים טוֹבִים כְּשׁוֹשַׁנָּה בְּיָדִי וְלִבִּי, וְאָמַרְתִּי לְפָנָיו (שמות כד, ז): כֹּל אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר ה' נַעֲשֶׂה וְנִשְׁמָע. דָּבָר אַחֵר, אֲנִי חֲבַצֶּלֶת הַשָּׁרוֹן, אֲנִי הִיא וַחֲבִיבָה אָנִי, אֲנִי הִיא שֶׁהָיִיתִי חֲבוּיָה וּרְמוּסָה בְּצִלָּן שֶׁל מַלְכֻיּוֹת, לְמָחָר כְּשֶׁיִּגְאָלֵנִי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מִצִּלָּן שֶׁל מַלְכֻיּוֹת, אֲנִי מַרְטֶבֶת כְּשׁוֹשַׁנָּה, וְאוֹמֶרֶת לוֹ שִׁיר חָדָשׁ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים צח, א): שִׁירוּ לַה' שִׁיר חָדָשׁ כִּי נִפְלָאוֹת עָשָׂה הוֹשִׁיעָה לוֹ יְמִינוֹ וּזְרוֹעַ קָדְשׁוֹ. “I am a rose of Sharon, a lily of the valleys” (Song of Songs 2:1).
“I am a rose [ḥavatzelet] of Sharon.” The congregation of Israel said: I am as I am, yet I am beloved [ḥaviva]. It is I whom the Holy One blessed be He loved me more than seventy nations. “A rose [ḥavatzelet] of Sharon,” I made Him shelter [tzel] by means of Betzalel, as it is written: “Betzalel crafted the Ark” (Exodus 37:1). “Of Sharon,” as I recited song [shira] before Him by means of Moses, as it is written: “Then Moses and the children of Israel sang” (Exodus 15:1).
Another matter, “I am a rose of Sharon.” The congregation of Israel said: I am as I am, yet I am beloved. It is I who was shrouded in the shadow of Egypt, but the Holy One blessed be He brought me quickly to Rameses. I sprouted good deeds like a lily, and I recited a song before Him, as it is stated: “The song will be for you like the night of the consecration of the festival” (Isaiah 30:29).1The song after the fall of Sennacherib will be like the Hallel that they recited in Egypt on the night before they left.
Another matter, “I am a rose of Sharon.” The congregation of Israel said: I am as I am, yet I am beloved. It is I who was shrouded in the shadow of the sea,2I was in danger when Pharaoh was pursuing me. but I quickly sprouted good deeds like a lily, and I pointed to Him with my finger [and pronounced that He is] my Master, as it is stated: “This is my God and I will exalt Him” (Exodus 15:2).
Another matter, “I am a rose of Sharon.” I am as I am, yet I am beloved. It is I who was shrouded in the shadow of Sinai.3God suspended the mountain over the Israelites, threatening to obliterate them if they refused to accept the Torah (see Shabbat 88a). I quickly blossomed good deeds with my hand and my heart, and I said before Him: “Everything that the Lord has spoken we will perform and we will heed” (Exodus 24:7).
Another matter, “I am a rose of Sharon.” I am as I am, yet I am beloved. It is I who was shrouded and trampled in the shadow of kingdoms. Tomorrow, when the Holy One blessed be He redeems me from the shadow of the kingdoms, I will blossom like a lily, and I will recite a new song before Him, as it is stated: “A psalm. Sing to the Lord a new song, for He has performed wonders; His right hand and His holy arm have wrought salvation for Him” (Psalms 98:1).
רַבִּי בֶּרֶכְיָה אָמַר, הַפָּסוּק הַזֶּה הַמִּדְבָּר אֲמָרוֹ, אָמַר הַמִּדְבָּר, אֲנִי מִדְבָּר וְחָבִיב אָנִי, שֶׁכָּל טוֹבוֹת שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם חֲבוּיִין בִּי, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה מא, יט): אֶתֵּן בַּמִּדְבָּר אֶרֶז שִׁטָּה, נְתָנָם לִי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא שֶׁיְהוּ שְׁמוּרִים בִּי, וּכְשֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מְבַקְּשָׁם מִמֶּנִּי אֲנִי מַחֲזִיר לוֹ פִּקְדוֹנוֹ בְּלֹא חֶסְרוֹן, וַאֲנִי מַרְטִיב מַעֲשִׂים טוֹבִים וְאוֹמֵר לְפָנָיו שִׁירָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה לה, א): יְשֻׂשׂוּם מִדְבָּר וְצִיָּה. מִשּׁוּם רַבָּנָן אָמְרוּ הָאָרֶץ אָמְרָה אוֹתוֹ, אָמְרָה אֲנִי הִיא וַחֲבִיבָה אָנִי, שֶׁכָּל מֵתֵי הָעוֹלָם חֲבוּיִין בִּי, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה כו, יט): יִחְיוּ מֵתֶיךָ נְבֵלָתִי יְקוּמוּן, לִכְשֶׁיְּבַקְשֵׁם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מִמֶּנִי אַחֲזִירֵם לוֹ וְאַרְטִיב מַעֲשִׂים טוֹבִים כְּשׁוֹשַׁנָּה וְאוֹמֶרֶת שִׁירָה לְפָנָיו, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה כד, טז): מִכְּנַף הָאָרֶץ זְמִרֹת שָׁמַעְנוּ. Rabbi Berekhya said: This verse, the wilderness said it.4Solomon wrote it from the perspective of the wilderness (Etz Yosef). The wilderness said: ‘I am the wilderness, yet I am beloved, as all the good in the world is shrouded in me, as it is stated: “I will place in the wilderness cedar, acacia…” (Isaiah 41:19). The Holy One blessed be He gave them to me so they would be protected in me. When the Holy One blessed be He asks me for them, I will return His deposit to Him with nothing lacking. I generate good deeds and sing songs before Him,’ as it is stated: “The wilderness and wasteland will be glad” (Isaiah 35:1).
In the name of the Rabbis they said: The earth said it. It said: ‘I am as I am, yet I am beloved, as all the dead of the world are shrouded in me, as it is stated: “Your dead will live, my corpses shall arise” (Isaiah 26:19). When the Holy One blessed be He asks me for them, I will return them to Him. I will generate good deeds like a lily and recite song before Him,’ as it is stated: “From the edge of the earth we heard songs” (Isaiah 24:16).
רַבִּי יוּדָן וְרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר. רַבִּי יוּדָן אָמַר, אֲנִי חֲבַצֶּלֶת, לֹא הִיא חֲבַצֶּלֶת וְלֹא הִיא שׁוֹשַׁנָּה, אֶלָּא כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהִיא קְטַנָּה הוּא קוֹרֵא אוֹתָהּ חֲבַצֶּלֶת, הִגְדִּילָה קוֹרֵא אוֹתָהּ שׁוֹשַׁנָּה, חֲבַצֶּלֶת, וְלָמָּה נִקְרֵאת חֲבַצֶּלֶת, שֶׁחֲבוּיָה בְּצִלָּהּ. אָמַר רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר, מָשַׁל אֶת הַצַּדִּיקִים בַּמְשֻׁבָּח שֶׁבַּמִּינִים, וּבַמְשֻׁבָּח שֶׁבְּאוֹתוֹ הַמִּין. הַמְשֻׁבָּח שֶׁבַּמִּינִים, כְּשׁוֹשַׁנָּה, וּבַמְשֻׁבָּח שֶׁבְּאוֹתוֹ הַמִּין, שׁוֹשַׁנַּת הָעֲמָקִים, וְלֹא כְּשׁוֹשַׁנַּת הָהָר שֶׁנּוֹחָה לְהִכָּמֵשׁ, אֶלָּא כְּשׁוֹשַׁנַּת הָעֲמָקִים שֶׁמַּרְטֶבֶת וְהוֹלֶכֶת. מָשַׁל אֶת הָרְשָׁעִים בַּמְגֻנֶּה שֶׁבַּמִּינִים וּבַמְגֻנֶּה שֶׁבְּאוֹתוֹ הַמִּין, מְגֻנֶּה שֶׁבַּמִּינִים (תהלים פג, יד): כְּקַשׁ לִפְנֵי רוּחַ, אִם תֹּאמַר כַּמֹּץ שֶׁבַּבִּקְעָה, כְּבָר יֵשׁ בּוֹ לִחְלוּחַ, אֶלָּא (ישעיה יז, יג): וְרֻדַּף כְּמֹץ הָרִים לִפְנֵי רוּחַ. רַבִּי אַבָּא בַּר כַּהֲנָא אָמַר, אָמְרָה כְּנֶסֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, אֲנִי הִיא וַחֲבִיבָה אָנִי, שֶׁנְּתוּנָה בְּעִמְקֵי הַצָּרוֹת, וּכְשֶׁיִּדְלֵנִי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מֵהַצָּרוֹת, אֲנִי מַרְטֶבֶת מַעֲשִׂים טוֹבִים כְּשׁוֹשַׁנָּה וְאוֹמֶרֶת שִׁירָה לְפָנָיו, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (ישעיה כו, טז): ה' בַּצַּר פְּקָדוּךָ. אָמַר רַבִּי אַחָא, אָמְרָה כְּנֶסֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל, בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁאַתְּ מַעֲמִיק עֵינֶיךָ בִּי, אֲנִי מַרְטֶבֶת מַעֲשִׂים טוֹבִים כְּשׁוֹשַׁנָּה וְאוֹמֶרֶת שִׁירָה, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (תהלים קל, א): שִׁיר הַמַּעֲלוֹת מִמַּעֲמַקִּים קְרָאתִיךָ ה'. רַבָּנָן אָמְרִין כְּנֶסֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲמָרַתְהוּ, אָמְרָה כְּנֶסֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲנִי הִיא וַחֲבִיבָה אָנִי, שֶׁאֲנִי נְתוּנָה בְּעִמְקֵי גֵּיהִנֹּם, וּכְשֶׁיִּגְאָלֵנִי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מִמַּעֲמַקֶּיהָ, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (תהלים מ, ג): וַיַּעֲלֵנִי מִבּוֹר שָׁאוֹן, אֲנִי מַרְטִיבָה מַעֲשִׂים טוֹבִים וְאוֹמֶרֶת לְפָנָיו שִׁירָה, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (תהלים מ, ד): וַיִּתֵּן בְּפִי שִׁיר חָדָשׁ. אַתְיָא דְרַבָּנָן כְּהַהִיא דְּאָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר הַמּוֹדָעִי, עֲתִידִים שָׂרֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם לֶעָתִיד לָבוֹא שֶׁיָּבוֹאוּ לְקַטְרֵג אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, וְאוֹמְרִים רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם אֵלוּ עָבְדוּ עֲבוֹדַת כּוֹכָבִים וְאֵלּוּ עָבְדוּ עֲבוֹדַת כּוֹכָבִים, אֵלּוּ גִּלּוּ עֲרָיוֹת וְאֵלּוּ גִּלּוּ עֲרָיוֹת, אֵלּוּ שָׁפְכוּ דָּמִים וְאֵלּוּ שָׁפְכוּ דָּמִים, מִפְּנֵי מָה אֵלּוּ יוֹרְדִין לְגֵיהִנֹּם וְאֵלּוּ אֵין יוֹרְדִין, וְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מֵשִׁיב לָהֶם וְאוֹמֵר אִם כֵּן הוּא יֵרְדוּ כָּל הָעַמִּים עִם אֱלֹהֵיהֶם לְגֵיהִנֹּם, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (מיכה ד, ה): כִּי כָּל הָעַמִּים יֵלְכוּ אִישׁ בְּשֵׁם אֱלֹהָיו. אָמַר רַבִּי רְאוּבֵן אִלּוּ לֹא הָיָה הַדָּבָר כָּתוּב אִי אֶפְשָׁר לְאָמְרוֹ, כִּבְיָכוֹל (ישעיה סו, טז): כִּי בָאֵשׁ ה' נִשְׁפָּט, ה' שׁוֹפֵט, אֵין כְּתִיב כָּאן אֶלָּא נִשְׁפָּט, הוּא שֶׁאָמַר דָּוִד בְּרוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁ (תהלים כג, ד): גַּם כִּי אֵלֵךְ בְּגֵיא צַלְמָוֶת לֹא אִירָא רָע כִּי אַתָּה עִמָּדִי. דָּבָר אַחֵר, שִׁבְטְךָ אֵלּוּ הַיִּסּוּרִין, וּמִשְׁעַנְתְּךָ זוֹ תּוֹרָה, הֵמָּה יְנַחֲמֻנִי וגו', יָכוֹל בְּלֹא יִסּוּרִין, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: אַךְ, יָכוֹל בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: אַךְ טוֹב וָחֶסֶד יִרְדְּפוּנִי כָּל יְמֵי חַיָּי וְשַׁבְתִּי בְּבֵית ה' לְאֹרֶךְ יָמִים. Rabbi Yudan and Rabbi Eliezer, Rabbi Yudan said: “I am a rose [ḥavatzelet] [of Sharon, a lily [shoshana] of the valleys],” is it not a ḥavatzelet and is it not a shoshana?5Is ḥavatzelet not the same as shoshana? Although generally translated differently, as rose and lily, the midrash assumes that the ḥavatzelet and shoshana are the same flower. Rather, as long as it is small, [the verse] calls it ḥavatzelet, when it grows larger, it calls it shoshana. “Rose [ḥavatzelet],” why is it called ḥavatzelet? Because it is shrouded in its shade [ḥavuya betzila].6When it is small, its petals are folded around the top of the stalk.
Rabbi Eliezer said: The righteous are likened to the most excellent of species and to the most excellent of that species; the most excellent of the species, like a lily, the most excellent of that species, a lily of the valley. Not like the mountain lily, which quickly withers, but like the lily of the valley that remains moist. The wicked are likened to the vilest of species and the vilest of that species; the vilest of the species, “like chaff before the wind” (Psalms 83:14). If you say like chaff of the valley, that has moisture in it; rather, “it will be pursued like the chaff of mountains before the wind” (Isaiah 17:13).
Rabbi Abba bar Kahana said: The congregation of Israel said before the Holy One blessed be He: 'I am as I am, yet I am beloved. I am sunk in the depths7In Hebrew, imkei, related to the word valleys [amakim] that appears in the verse. of troubles, but when the Holy One blessed be He will extricate me from the troubles, I will blossom good deeds like a lily and will sing songs before Him. That is what is written: “Lord, in their trouble they turned to You” (Isaiah 26:16).
Rabbi Aḥa said: The congregation of Israel said: When You intensify Your gaze at me,8You discover my shortcomings and transgressions and punish me. I blossom good deeds like a lily and sing songs. That is what is written: “A song of ascents. From the depths I call to You, Lord” (Psalms 130:1).
The Rabbis say: The congregation of Israel said it. The congregation of Israel said: I am as I am, yet I am beloved. I am situated in the depths of Gehenna, but when the Holy One blessed be He will rescue me from its depths—that is what is written: “He raised me from the pit of destruction” (Psalms 40:3)—I will blossom good deeds and sing songs before Him. That is what is written: “He placed a new song in my mouth” (Psalms 40:4).
The opinion of the Rabbis corresponds with what Rabbi Elazar HaModa’i said: The princes of the nations are destined in the future to come to denounce Israel before the Holy One blessed be He, and say: ‘These engaged in idol worship and those engaged in idol worship, these engaged in forbidden sexual relations and those engaged in forbidden sexual relations, these shed blood and those shed blood; why are these descending to Gehenna and those are not descending?’9Why are the gentiles descending to Gehenna while the Jews are not? The Holy One blessed be He responds to them and says: ‘If that is so, all the peoples will descend with their gods to Gehenna.’ That is what is written: “For all the peoples will walk, each in the name of its god, [but we will walk in the name of the Lord our God forever and ever]” (Micah 4:5).
Rabbi Reuven said: Had this matter not been written, it would have been impossible to say it: As it were, “for the Lord will judge [nishpat]10This is the reflexive [nifal] conjugation, indicating, as it were, that God will be judged. in fire” (Isaiah 66:16). Shofet11This conjugation is the standard way of expressing that God will judge. is not written here, but rather nishpat. This is what David said, inspired by the Divine Spirit: “Even if I were to walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for You are with me [your rod and your staff they will comfort me]” (Psalms 23:4).
Another matter, “your rod,” this is the suffering, “and your staff,” this is Torah. “They will comfort me…” Is it perhaps without suffering? The verse states: “Only [Akh].”12The term akh is always understood to be a restrictive term. Here, it indicates that not everyone will merit Torah, and therefore goodness and kindness, as in the continuation of the verse; only those who have experienced suffering will experience these blessings. Is it perhaps in this world? The verse states: “May only [akh] goodness and kindness pursue me all the days of my life, and I will dwell in the House of the Lord forever [le’orekh yamim]” (Psalms 23:6).13Le’orekh yamim is expounded to mean a world where the day is infinitely long [yom shekulo arokh]. Thus, the goodness and kindness will be experienced in the World to Come.