וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהֹוָ֔ה רָאֹ֥ה רָאִ֛יתִי אֶת־עֳנִ֥י עַמִּ֖י אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם וְאֶת־צַעֲקָתָ֤ם שָׁמַ֙עְתִּי֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י נֹֽגְשָׂ֔יו כִּ֥י יָדַ֖עְתִּי אֶת־מַכְאֹבָֽיו׃

And GOD* continued, “I have marked well the plight of My people in Egypt and have heeded their outcry because of their taskmasters; yes, I am mindful of their sufferings.

*GOD This label can refer to the angel, as acting on God’s behalf; cf. Ibn Ezra here and at v. 4.

(The above rendering comes from the RJPS translation, an adaptation of the NJPS translation. The above footnote adapts the one on this verse in RJPS, so as to incorporate the footnote that it cross-references.)


Given the involvement of a messenger (“angel”) who was introduced in verse 2, the participant reference here (the name “GOD”) is probably not meant to be taken literally. Rather, the narrator seems to be employing a linguistic device that I call agency metonymy. On this device, see my comment at Gen 17:22.