אֱלֹהֵ֨י אַבְרָהָ֜ם וֵֽאלֹהֵ֤י נָחוֹר֙ יִשְׁפְּט֣וּ בֵינֵ֔ינוּ אֱלֹהֵ֖י אֲבִיהֶ֑ם וַיִּשָּׁבַ֣ע יַעֲקֹ֔ב בְּפַ֖חַד אָבִ֥יו יִצְחָֽק׃
May the God of Abraham’s [house] and the god of Nahor’s [house]”—their ancestral deities—“judge between us.” And Jacob swore by the Fear of his father Isaac’s [house].
שָׁפַט185 vb. judge, govern (NH in deriv.; Ph. שפט = שֹׁפֵט, also in n.pr.; Pun. sufet Lzb381; Biblical Aramaic שָֽׁפְטִין; Assyrian šapâtu (t = ת), syn. dânu (דִּין), judge DlWB 684, šipṭu (ט), prob. judgment [and šapiṭu, captain?] JenZA iv (1889), 278 f.; on poss. connexion with Arabic سفط v. NöZMG xi (1886), 724... — 1. act as law-giver, judge, governor (giving law, deciding controversies and executing law, civil, religious, political, social; both early and late): a. of God only, שֹׁפֵט כל הארץ Gn 18:25 (J), ‖ מֶלֶךְ, מְחֹקֵק Is 33:22. b. of man, Gn 19:9(×2) (J), Moses deciding cases Ex 18:13 (E), making known statutes v 16 (E); so his assistants v 22(×2), 26(×2) (E), .... 3. execute judgment: a. discriminating, of man only, משׁפט אמת Zc 7:9, מֵישָׁרִים שׁ׳ ψ 58:2 judge uprightly; משׁפט שׁלום Zc 8:16, צֶדֶק Pr 31:9, עָוֶל ψ 82:2. b. vindicating, c. acc.: (1) subj. God, יתום ψ 10:18, acc. pers. 26:1; ...
(א) וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר יהוה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה וְאֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֖ן לֵאמֹֽר׃ (ב) זֹ֚את חֻקַּ֣ת הַתּוֹרָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה יהוה לֵאמֹ֑ר דַּבֵּ֣ר ׀ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְיִקְח֣וּ אֵלֶ֩יךָ֩ פָרָ֨ה אֲדֻמָּ֜ה תְּמִימָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֵֽין־בָּהּ֙ מ֔וּם אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹא־עָלָ֥ה עָלֶ֖יהָ עֹֽל׃ (ג) וּנְתַתֶּ֣ם אֹתָ֔הּ אֶל־אֶלְעָזָ֖ר הַכֹּהֵ֑ן וְהוֹצִ֤יא אֹתָהּ֙ אֶל־מִח֣וּץ לַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה וְשָׁחַ֥ט אֹתָ֖הּ לְפָנָֽיו׃
(1) יהוה spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying: (2) This is the ritual law that יהוה has commanded: Instruct the Israelite people to bring you a red cow without blemish, in which there is no defect and on which no yoke has been laid. (3) You shall give it to Eleazar the priest. It shall be taken outside the camp and slaughtered in his presence.
(כא) וַתַּ֥עַן לָהֶ֖ם מִרְיָ֑ם שִׁ֤ירוּ לַֽיהֹוָה֙ כִּֽי־גָאֹ֣ה גָּאָ֔ה ס֥וּס וְרֹכְב֖וֹ רָמָ֥ה בַיָּֽם׃ {ס} (כב) וַיַּסַּ֨ע מֹשֶׁ֤ה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ מִיַּם־ס֔וּף וַיֵּצְא֖וּ אֶל־מִדְבַּר־שׁ֑וּר וַיֵּלְכ֧וּ שְׁלֹֽשֶׁת־יָמִ֛ים בַּמִּדְבָּ֖ר וְלֹא־מָ֥צְאוּ מָֽיִם׃ (כג) וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ מָרָ֔תָה וְלֹ֣א יָֽכְל֗וּ לִשְׁתֹּ֥ת מַ֙יִם֙ מִמָּרָ֔ה כִּ֥י מָרִ֖ים הֵ֑ם עַל־כֵּ֥ן קָרָֽא־שְׁמָ֖הּ מָרָֽה׃ (כד) וַיִּלֹּ֧נוּ הָעָ֛ם עַל־מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹ֖ר מַה־נִּשְׁתֶּֽה׃ (כה) וַיִּצְעַ֣ק אֶל־יְהֹוָ֗ה וַיּוֹרֵ֤הוּ יְהֹוָה֙ עֵ֔ץ וַיַּשְׁלֵךְ֙ אֶל־הַמַּ֔יִם וַֽיִּמְתְּק֖וּ הַמָּ֑יִם שָׁ֣ם שָׂ֥ם ל֛וֹ חֹ֥ק וּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט וְשָׁ֥ם נִסָּֽהוּ׃ (כו) וַיֹּ֩אמֶר֩ אִם־שָׁמ֨וֹעַ תִּשְׁמַ֜ע לְק֣וֹל ׀ יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ וְהַיָּשָׁ֤ר בְּעֵינָיו֙ תַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה וְהַֽאֲזַנְתָּ֙ לְמִצְוֺתָ֔יו וְשָׁמַרְתָּ֖ כׇּל־חֻקָּ֑יו כׇּֽל־הַמַּחֲלָ֞ה אֲשֶׁר־שַׂ֤מְתִּי בְמִצְרַ֙יִם֙ לֹא־אָשִׂ֣ים עָלֶ֔יךָ כִּ֛י אֲנִ֥י יְהֹוָ֖ה רֹפְאֶֽךָ׃ {ס} (כז) וַיָּבֹ֣אוּ אֵילִ֔מָה וְשָׁ֗ם שְׁתֵּ֥ים עֶשְׂרֵ֛ה עֵינֹ֥ת מַ֖יִם וְשִׁבְעִ֣ים תְּמָרִ֑ים וַיַּחֲנוּ־שָׁ֖ם עַל־הַמָּֽיִם׃
(21) And Miriam chanted for them:Sing to יהוה, for He has triumphed gloriously;Horse and driver He has hurled into the sea. (22) Then Moses caused Israel to set out from the Sea of Reeds. They went on into the wilderness of Shur; they traveled three days in the wilderness and found no water. (23) They came to Marah, but they could not drink the water of Marah because it was bitter; that is why it was named Marah. (24) And the people grumbled against Moses, saying, “What shall we drink?” (25) So he cried out to יהוה, and יהוה showed him a piece of wood; he threw it into the water and the water became sweet. There [God] made for them a fixed rule; there they were put to the test. (26) [God] said, “If you will heed your God יהוה diligently, doing what is upright in God’s sight, giving ear to God’s commandments and keeping all God’s laws, then I will not bring upon you any of the diseases that I brought upon the Egyptians, for I יהוה am your healer.” (27) And they came to Elim, where there were twelve springs of water and seventy palm trees; and they encamped there beside the water.
אֵ֣לֶּה פְקוּדֵ֤י הַמִּשְׁכָּן֙ מִשְׁכַּ֣ן הָעֵדֻ֔ת אֲשֶׁ֥ר פֻּקַּ֖ד עַל־פִּ֣י מֹשֶׁ֑ה עֲבֹדַת֙ הַלְוִיִּ֔ם בְּיַד֙ אִֽיתָמָ֔ר בֶּֽן־אַהֲרֹ֖ן הַכֹּהֵֽן׃
These are the records of the Tabernacle, the Tabernacle of the Pact, which were drawn up at Moses’ bidding—the work of the Levites under the direction of Ithamar son of Aaron the priest.
פָּקַד303 vb. attend to, visit, muster, appoint (NH id., visit, enjoin; Ph. פקד attend to, provide; Assyrian paḳâdu = BH; Arabic فَقَدَ; faqada) lose, miss; also (Dozy) give heed, attention, to; Ethiopic ፈቀደ; visit, muster, desire, need, etc.; Nab. פקד command (Cook), so 𝔗 פְּקַד Pa. Syriac ܦܩܰܕ, also visit);—Qal234 Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Ex 4:31 +; 1 s. פָּקַדְתִּי 3:16 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְקֹד Gn 50:24 +, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּקֹד Nu 3:15 +, etc.; Inf. abs. פָּקֹד Gn 50:24 +; cstr. לִפְקֹד 2 S 24:4 +, etc.; Pt. act. פֹּקֵד Ex 20:5 +; pass. פְּקֻדִים(הַ) 30:14 +, cstr. פְּקוּדֵי Nu 31:14 +, etc.;— A. 1. a. pay attention to, observe (with care, practical interest), of י׳ c. acc. pers. + rei Ex 3:16 (J), c. acc. pers. 4:31 (J; ‖ רָאָה), ψ 8:5 (with providence, cf. פְּקֻדָּה Jb 10:12; ‖ זָכַר); c. acc. rei 1 S 15:2 ψ 80:15 (‖ הִבִּיט, רָאָה), La 4:22 (‖ גִּלָּה עַל), יִזְכֹּר עֲוֹנָם וְיִפְקֹד חַטֹּאתָם Ho 8:13 = 9:9 = Je 14:10; 1 S 17:18 observe thy brothers as to well-being (לְשָׁלוֹם; i.e. see how they fare). b. attend to, in act, see to, c. acc. pers. 2 K 9:34; acc. of sheep Je 23:2 (in fig.); cf. Zc 10:3b; 11:16. c. seek (with interest, desire), seek י׳ Is 26:16; in bad sense, look about for Ez 23:21. Hence d. seek in vain, need, miss, lack (cf. Niph., and Arabic Ethiopic supr.), c. acc. pers. 1 S 20:6; Is 34:16, rei 1 S 25:15 Je 3:16. 2. specif. visit, c. acc., for different purposes: with (ב) a present Ju 15:1; especially of י׳, visit graciously Gn 21:1; 50:24, 25 = Ex 13:19 (all E), Is 23:17; Je 15:15 (‖ זָכַר), 27:22; 29:10; 32:5 ψ 65:10 Ru 1:6 +; בִּישׁוּעָתֶ֑ךָ 106:4 (‖ זָכַר); visit to search, test, acc. pers. Jb 7:18 (‖ בָּחַן), ψ 17:3 (‖ id.; obj. om.), abs. Jb 31:14; to punish Je 6:15; 49:8; 50:31 ψ 59:6; acc. pers. om. Ex 32:34a Is 26:14, c. עַל rei (of sin) Je 5:9, 29; 9:8 (here + ב pers.); acc. rei ψ 89:33; abs., of י׳’s anger Jb 35:15. 3. c. עַל pers., visit upon, י׳ subj., + acc. rei (of sin) Am 3:2, 14 Ho 1:4; 2:15; Ex 20:5; 34:7 Dt 5:9 + 10 times; acc. rei om., = punish Is 10:12 Je 9:24; 11:22; 13:21 + 10 times Je, + 8 times; + כ rei Ho 12:3 Je 21:14; + cl. of sin Ho 4:14; c. אֶל pers. Je 50:18(×2), אֶל + עַל 46:25; indef. subj. c. עַל of vineyard = injure Is 27:3. 4. pass in review, muster (nearly = number), c. acc., 1 S 11:8; 13:15; 2 S 24:2, 4 + 11 times + Nu 1:3, 19, 44, 49 + 16 times Nu (P); acc. om. 1 S 14:17(×2) Nu 3:42; obj. נָוֶה Jb 5:24; especially pt. pass., persons or things mustered (numbered), Ex 30:12, 13, 14; 38:25, 26;Nu 1:21, 22 + 67 times Nu, + 1 Ch 23:24. B. appoint: 1. c. acc. pers. + אִתָּם Gn 40:4, + עַל pers. over whom Je 15:3; 51:27; Nu 27:16, + אֶל (for עַל) Je 49:19 = 50:44; c. acc. pers. alone Nu 3:10, + בְּרֹאשׁ הָעָם Dt 20:9; pt. pass. pl. appointed ones, officers, of (fighting) host Nu 31:14, 48; 2 K 11:15 2 Ch 23:14. 2. c. acc. rei, appoint, assign, + עַל pers. to whom, Nu 4:27 (on text v. Di); c. acc. rei only, v 32; cf. Jb 34:13; 36:23; lay upon (עַל pers.) as a charge, Zp 3:7 (reading מֵעֵינֶיהָ, 𝔊 We Now, for מְעוֹנָהּ); + inf. 2 Ch 36:23 = Ezr 1:2; = deposit, c. acc. rei + ב loc., 2 K 5:24 (cf. פִּקָּדוֹן).†Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִפְקַד 1 S 25:7 +; 2 ms. וְנִפְקַדְתָּ֫ 20:18; Impf. 3 ms. יִפָּקֵד v 18 +, etc.; Inf. הִפָּקֵד abs. 1 K 20:39; cstr. Ju 21:3;— 1. be (sought, i.e. needed) missed, lacking 1 S 20:18 + v 19 (𝔊, for MT תֵּרֵד, We Dr al.), 25:7 1 K 20:39 (+ inf. abs.), 2 K 10:19(×2) Je 23:4 (Gr Gie conj. יִפְחָ֖דוּ), + מִן part. Ju 21:3; 1 S 25:21; 2 S 2:30 Nu 31:49; of seat 1 S 20:18, place v 25:27 (i.e. be empty). 2. be visited (graciously) Ez 38:8; Is 24:22, cf. 29:6 (ב accomp.; v. Di). 3. be visited upon, עַל pers., Nu 16:29 (subj. פְּקֻדָּה); בַּל יִפּ׳ רָ֑ע Pr 19:23 evil shall not be visited (sc. upon him; read perhaps שׂבֵר עָלָיו for שָׂבֵעַ יָלְין v. Toy). 4. be appointed Ne 7:1, + עַל 12:44.†Pi. (intens.) muster a host, Pt. מְפַקֵּד Is 13:4 (of י׳).†Pu. be passed in review, Pf. 3 ms. פֻּקַּד Ex 38:21; be caused to miss, deprived of, 1 s. פֻּקַּדְתִּי Is 38:10 c. acc. rei. Is 38:10 sense dub., Ges am (shall be) missed for; Hi Di De CheComm. am punished, muleted of.†Hithp. be mustered, Pf. 3 pl. הִתְפָּֽקְדוּ Ju 20:15, 17; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְפָּקֵד 21:9; 3 mpl. 20:15 (on form v. Ges§ 541).†Hothp. id., Pf. 3 pl. הָתְפָּֽקְדוּ 1 K 20:27 Nu 1:47; 2:33; 26:62 (Gesl.c.).Hiph.29 Pf. 3 ms. הִפְקִיד Gn 39:5 +, 2 ms. sf. הִפְקַדְתּוֹ 1 S 29:4, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַפְקִיד Is 10:28, etc.; Imv. ms. הַפְקֵד Nu 1:50 ψ 109:6, etc.;— 1. c. acc. pers., set (over), make overseer, 2 K 25:23; + עַל Gn 39:4 Je 1:10 Nu 1:50 + 8 times, fig., acc. of punishment, Lv 26:16; + ב Je 40:5 + 3 times; + ב and על Gn 39:5; + ל 1 K 11:28; + אֲשֶׁר שָׁם 1 S 29:4 where thou hast stationed him, ins. also v 10 𝔊 The We Dr al.; + אִתּוֹ Je 40:7, cf. 41:10. 2. c. acc. rei (implic.), a. commit, entrust (cf. פִּקָּדוֹן), עַל־יַד פ׳ 1 K 14:27 = 2 Ch 12:10; c. acc. רוּחִי + בְּיָֽדְךָ ψ 31:6. b. deposit, c. acc. rei + ב loc. Je 36:20, + ל loc. Is 10:28; acc. pers. (Jer. as prisoner) + ב loc. Je 37:21.†Hoph. 1. be visited in punishment, Pf. 3 ms. הָפְקַד Je 6:6 (impers.; but 𝔊 ψευδής, read הַשֶּׁקֶר JDMich, הַפֶּרֶק Gie). 2. be deposited, אִתּוֹ Lv 5:23 (subj. הַפִּקָּדוֹן) 3. be made overseer, Pt. מֻפְקָדִים(הַ), c. בֵּית 2 K 22:9; 12:12 Qr (Kt הפקדים); בְּבֵית י׳ 22:5 (Qr del. ב), 2 Ch 34:10; c. עַל pers. 2 Ch 34:12; abs. v 17.