21 Ketubot 8/1-3

(א) הָאִשָּׁה שֶׁנָּפְלוּ לָהּ נְכָסִים עַד שֶׁלֹּא תִתְאָרֵס, מוֹדִים בֵּית שַׁמַּאי וּבֵית הִלֵּל שֶׁמּוֹכֶרֶת וְנוֹתֶנֶת וְקַיָּם. נָפְלוּ לָהּ מִשֶּׁנִּתְאָרְסָה, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, תִּמְכֹּר, וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, לֹא תִמְכֹּר. אֵלּוּ וָאֵלּוּ מוֹדִים, שֶׁאִם מָכְרָה וְנָתְנָה, קַיָּם. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה, אָמְרוּ לִפְנֵי רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל, הוֹאִיל וְזָכָה בָאִשָּׁה, לֹא יִזְכֶּה בַנְּכָסִים. אָמַר לָהֶם, עַל הַחֲדָשִׁים אָנוּ בוֹשִׁין, אֶלָּא שָׁאַתֶּם מְגַלְגְּלִין עָלֵינוּ אֶת הַיְשָׁנִים. נָפְלוּ לָהּ מִשֶּׁנִּשֵּׂאת, אֵלּוּ וָאֵלּוּ מוֹדִים שֶׁאִם מָכְרָה וְנָתְנָה שֶׁהַבַּעַל מוֹצִיא מִיַּד הַלָּקוֹחוֹת. עַד שֶׁלֹּא נִשֵּׂאת וְנִשֵּׂאת, רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, אִם מָכְרָה וְנָתְנָה, קַיָּם. אָמַר רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בֶּן עֲקִיבָא, אָמְרוּ לִפְנֵי רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל, הוֹאִיל וְזָכָה בָאִשָּׁה, לֹא יִזְכֶּה בַנְּכָסִים. אָמַר לָהֶם, עַל הַחֲדָשִׁים אָנוּ בוֹשִׁין, אֶלָּא שֶׁאַתֶּם מְגַלְגְּלִים עָלֵינוּ אֶת הַיְשָׁנִים:

(ב) רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן חוֹלֵק בֵּין נְכָסִים לִנְכָסִים. נְכָסִים הַיְדוּעִים לַבַּעַל, לֹא תִמְכֹּר. וְאִם מָכְרָה וְנָתְנָה, בָּטֵל. שֶׁאֵינָן יְדוּעִים לַבַּעַל, לֹא תִמְכֹּר. וְאִם מָכְרָה וְנָתְנָה, קַיָּם:

(ג) נָפְלוּ לָהּ כְּסָפִים, יִלָּקַח בָּהֶן קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת. פֵּרוֹת הַתְּלוּשִׁין מִן הַקַּרְקַע, יִלָּקַח בָּהֶן קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת. וְהַמְחֻבָּרִין בַּקַּרְקַע, אָמַר רַבִּי מֵאִיר, שָׁמִין אוֹתָן כַּמָּה הֵן יָפִין בְּפֵרוֹת וְכַמָּה הֵן יָפִין בְּלֹא פֵרוֹת, וְהַמּוֹתָר, יִלָּקַח בָּהֶן קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, הַמְחֻבָּרִין לַקַּרְקַע, שֶׁלּוֹ. וְהַתְּלוּשִׁין מִן הַקַּרְקַע, שֶׁלָּהּ, וְיִלָּקַח בָּהֶן קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת:

(1) [With regard to] a woman to whom property fell [by inheritance or gift] before she was betrothed, Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel agree, that she may sell [the property], or give [it away], and [the transaction] is valid. If they fall to her after she was betrothed, Beit Shammai say, "She may sell;" but Beit Hillel say, "She may not sell." And both agree [even in that case] that if she sold or gave [it away], the transaction is valid. Rabbi Yehudah related [that] they said before Rabban Gamliel, "Since [the man] gained the rights to the woman [herself, upon betrothal], should he not also acquire her property?" He said to them, "We feel ashamed at the [rights conceded to the husband with regard to her] new [property, which falls to her after marriage], and you wish to burden us with [the granting similar rights with regard to] her old [property, which fell to her before marriage]?" Should the property fall to her after marriage, both [Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel] agree that if she sold or gave [it away], the husband may recover it from the purchasers." [If the property fell to her] before she was married, and she was [subsequently] married, Rabban Gamliel says, "if she sold or gave [it away] [the transaction] is valid." Rabbi Haninah ben Akavya related [that] they said before Rabban Gamaliel, "Since [the man] gained the rights to the woman [herself, upon the marriage], should he not also acquire her property?" He said to them, "We feel ashamed at the [rights conceded to the husband with regard to her] new [property, which falls to her after marriage], and you wish to burden us with [the granting similar rights with regard to] her old [property, which fell to her before marriage]?"

(2) Rabbi Shimon distinguishes between [one type of] property and [other types of] property. Property that is known to the husband she may not sell; and if she sold it or gave it away, [the transaction] is void. [Property] that is not known to the husband, she may not sell; but if she sold it or gave it away, [the transaction] is valid.

(3) If money fell to her [i.e., as inheritance or a gift], land should be purchased with it, of which [the husband] enjoys the usufruct. [Similarly, if she received] fruit that was detached from the ground, land should be purchased with [the proceeds of their sale], and [the husband] enjoys the usufruct. And [with regard to fruit] that is attached to the ground, Rabbi Meir says, "They appraise [the field], how much it is worth with the [growing] fruit, and how much it is worth without the fruit, and [with] the difference land should be purchased, and [the husband] enjoys the usufruct." And the Sages say, "[The fruit] that is attached to the ground belongs to him, but [the fruit] that is detached from the ground belongs to her; and land should be purchased with [the proceeds], and he enjoys the usufruct."