22 Ketubot 8/4-7

(ד) רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, מְקוֹם שֶׁיָּפֶה כֹחוֹ בִכְנִיסָתָהּ, הוּרַע כֹּחוֹ בִיצִיאָתָהּ. מְקוֹם שֶׁהוּרַע כֹּחוֹ בִכְנִיסָתָהּ, יָפֶה כֹחוֹ בִיצִיאָתָהּ. פֵּרוֹת הַמְחֻבָּרִין לַקַּרְקַע, בִּכְנִיסָתָהּ שֶׁלּוֹ וּבִיצִיאָתָהּ שֶׁלָּהּ. וְהַתְּלוּשִׁין מִן הַקַּרְקַע, בִּכְנִיסָתָהּ שֶׁלָּהּ וּבִיצִיאָתָהּ שֶׁלּוֹ:

(ה) נָפְלוּ לָהּ עֲבָדִים וּשְׁפָחוֹת זְקֵנִים, יִמָּכְרוּ וְיִלָּקַח בָּהֶן קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, לֹא תִמְכֹּר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵן שְׁבַח בֵּית אָבִיהָ. נָפְלוּ לָהּ זֵיתִים וּגְפָנִים זְקֵנִים, יִמָּכְרוּ לְעֵצִים וְיִלָּקַח בָּהֶן קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, לֹא תִמְכֹּר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵן שְׁבַח בֵּית אָבִיהָ. הַמּוֹצִיא הוֹצָאוֹת עַל נִכְסֵי אִשְׁתּוֹ, הוֹצִיא הַרְבֵּה וְאָכַל קִמְעָא, קִמְעָא וְאָכַל הַרְבֵּה, מַה שֶּׁהוֹצִיא הוֹצִיא, וּמַה שֶּׁאָכַל אָכָל. הוֹצִיא וְלֹא אָכַל, יִשָּׁבַע כַּמָּה הוֹצִיא וְיִטֹּל:

(ו) שׁוֹמֶרֶת יָבָם שֶׁנָּפְלוּ לָהּ נְכָסִים, מוֹדִים בֵּית שַׁמַּאי וּבֵית הִלֵּל שֶׁמּוֹכֶרֶת וְנוֹתֶנֶת וְקַיָּם. מֵתָה, מַה יַּעֲשׂוּ בִכְתֻבָּתָהּ וּבַנְּכָסִים הַנִּכְנָסִין וְהַיּוֹצְאִין עִמָּהּ. בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, יַחֲלֹקוּ יוֹרְשֵׁי הַבַּעַל עִם יוֹרְשֵׁי הָאָב. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, נְכָסִים בְּחֶזְקָתָן, כְּתֻבָּה בְּחֶזְקַת יוֹרְשֵׁי הַבַּעַל, נְכָסִים הַנִּכְנָסִים וְהַיּוֹצְאִים עִמָּהּ בְּחֶזְקַת יוֹרְשֵׁי הָאָב:

(ז) הִנִּיחַ אָחִיו מָעוֹת, יִלָּקַח בָּהֶן קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת. פֵּרוֹת הַתְּלוּשִׁין מִן הַקַּרְקַע, יִלָּקַח בָּהֶן קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת. הַמְחֻבָּרִין בַּקַּרְקַע, אָמַר רַבִּי מֵאִיר, שָׁמִין אוֹתָן כַּמָּה הֵן יָפִין בְּפֵרוֹת וְכַמָּה הֵן יָפִין בְּלֹא פֵרוֹת, וְהַמּוֹתָר, יִלָּקַח בָּהֶן קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, פֵּרוֹת הַמְחֻבָּרִים בַּקַּרְקַע, שֶׁלּוֹ. וְהַתְּלוּשִׁין מִן הַקַּרְקַע, כָּל הַקּוֹדֵם זָכָה בָהֶן. קָדַם הוּא, זָכָה. קָדְמָה הִיא, יִלָּקַח בָּהֶן קַרְקַע וְהוּא אוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹת. כְּנָסָהּ, הֲרֵי הִיא כְאִשְׁתּוֹ לְכָל דָּבָר, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁתְּהֵא כְתֻבָּתָהּ עַל נִכְסֵי בַעְלָהּ הָרִאשׁוֹן:

(4) Rabbi Shimon says, "In cases where he has the advantage upon her marriage, he is at a disadvantage upon her divorce; in cases where he is at a disadvantage upon her marriage, he has the advantage upon her divorce. Fruit that is attached to the ground upon her marriage is his, but upon her divorce [the fruit] is hers. Fruit detached from the ground is hers upon her marriage, but upon her divorce it is his."

(5) Should elderly servants and maidservants fall to her [by inheritance], land may be purchased [with the produce of their sale], of which [the husband] enjoys the usufruct. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says, "She does not [have to agree to] sell [them], because [the elderly servants] are an honor for her father's house. If old olive-trees and grapevines fall to her, they should be sold as wood and [the proceeds should be used] to purchase land, of which [the husband] enjoys the usufruct." Rabbi Yehudah says, "She does not [have to agree to] sell them, because they are an honor for her father's house. If one incurs expenses on behalf of his wife's property, whether he expended much and enjoyed little [benefit], or he expended little and enjoyed much [benefit], whatever he expended he expended, and whatever he enjoyed he enjoyed. If he incurred expenses, and enjoyed no benefit, [in order to recoup his loss] he must take an oath with regard to how much he spent, and [then he may] take it [back]."

(6) [In the case of] a shomeret yavam [a widow who must either do chalitzah or wait for levirate marriage to be performed], to whom property falls, Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel both agree, that she may sell or give it away and [the transaction] is valid. If she dies, what should they do with her ketubah and the property that enters and exits [the marriage] with her? Beit Shammai say, "The heirs of the husband shall divide it with the heirs of [her] father." And Beit Hillel say, "[Certain] property remains in its present state, her ketubah [monetary settlement payable to a woman upon divorce or the death of her husband] remains in the control of the husband's heirs, and the property which enters and exits with her, of right remains under the control of the heirs of the father."

(7) If [the deceased] brother [of the yavam]left money, land should be purchased with it, and he enjoys the usufruct. [If the deceased left] fruit that is detached from the ground, land should be purchased with it, and enjoys the usufruct. [With regard to] fruit that is attached to the ground, Rabbi Meir says, "They appraise [the field], how much it is worth with the [growing] fruit, and how much it is worth without the fruit, and [with] the difference land should be purchased, and [the yavam] enjoys the usufruct." And the Sages say, "[The fruit] that is attached to the ground belongs to him; and [with regard to the fruit] that is detached from the ground, whoever [seizes them] first takes possession. If [the yavam seizes them] first, he takes [full] possession; if [the widow seizes them] first, land should be purchased with [the proceeds of their sale], and [the yavam] enjoys the usufruct. Once he marries her, she is his wife in every respect, except that her ketubah [is guaranteed by a lien] on the property of her first husband."