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Laws of Preservation on Shabbat
Laws of the Calendar
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A
We learned in the mishna, among those liable for performing primary categories of labor:
And one who salts it and one who tans it.
The Gemara asks: The prohibited labor of
salting is the same as
the prohibited labor of
tanning,
i.e., salting is a stage in the tanning process.
Rabbi Yoḥanan and Reish Lakish both said: Remove one of them and replace
it with
drafting.
In their opinion, the labor of drafting, drawing lines on the hide to indicate where it should be cut, should replace salting in the list of thirty-nine labors…
Shabbat 75b:2-3
A certain Elder said to
Rabbi Abbahu:
Delete your
teaching
before this
statement
taught by Rabbi Ḥiyya: One may not scrape
at all;
neither a new shoe nor an old shoe, and one may not smear oil on one’s foot while it is inside the shoe or inside the sandal,
as the oil is absorbed by the leather of the shoe and strengthens it, which constitutes performance of the prohibited labor of tanning.
However, one may smear oil on his foot
in the typical manner
and place
it afterward
in a shoe or in a sandal…
Shabbat 141b:2-5
The Sages taught
in a
Tosefta
:
One who
unwittingly
plucks
a large feather from
the wing
of a bird on Shabbat,
and who snips
the tip of the feather,
and who pulls out
the thin threads that comprise the feather
is liable to
bring
three sin-offerings. And Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish said
in explanation: One who
plucks
the wing
is liable due to
the labor of
shearing.
One who
snips
the tip of the feather
is liable due to cutting.
And one who
pulls out
the threads
is liable due to smoothing.
Shabbat 74b:7
The Gemara raises a difficulty:
And
can it be claimed that
plucking is not
considered a form of
shearing? But isn’t it taught
in a
baraita
:
One who
unwittingly
plucks
a large feather from
the wing
of a bird on Shabbat,
and one who snips
the tip of the feather,
and one who pulls out
the thin threads that constitute the feather is
obligated
to bring
three sin offerings,
one for each transgression.
And Reish Lakish says…
Bekhorot 25a:6
GEMARA:
The Sages taught
a
baraita
: With regard to a
bandage that became detached from a wound, one
may
return
it to its place
on Shabbat
in all cases.
Rabbi Yehuda says:
If
it slipped downward, one
may
push it upward;
if it slipped
upward, one
may
push it
downward.
One
may also
uncover part of the bandage and clean the opening of the wound
on one side,
and then uncover another part of the bandage
on the other side
and clean the opening of the wound
on that side.
Eruvin 102b:9
A person who skins [a portion of an animal's] hide large enough to make an amulet is liable. Similarly, one who processes [a portion of an animal's] hide large enough to make an amulet is liable.
Just as one who processes [a hide is liable], so too, is one who salts [a hide], for salting is one of the methods of processing. [Prohibitions associated with the forbidden labor of] processing do not apply with regard to foodstuffs.
Similarly, one who smooths [a portion of an animal's] hide large enough to make an amulet is liable…
Mishneh Torah, Sabbath 11:5-6
Wasn’t it taught
in a
baraita
:
One who drills
a hole of
any size
on Shabbat
is liable, one who scrapes
and smooths posts or parchments in
any amount
is liable,
one who tans any amount
of an animal hide is liable,
one who draws any size form on a vessel
is liable?
Rabbi Shimon says:
One is liable
only if he drills the entire
hole that he intended to drill, or if
he scrapes the entire
post or parchment that he intended to scrape, or if
he tans the entire hide
that he intended to tan…
Shabbat 103b:7
We learned in the mishna: The measure that determines liability for carrying out animal
hide
is
equivalent
to that which is used to make an amulet.
Rava raised a dilemma before Rav Naḥman:
With regard to
one who carries out
animal
hide, how much
must he carry out on Shabbat in order to be liable?
He said to him,
it is
as we learned
in the mishna: The measure that determines liability for carrying out animal
hide
is
equivalent
to that which is used
to make an amulet…
Shabbat 79a:3
Processing leather is one of the categories of [forbidden] labor. A person who softens a hide with oil as the leather-workers do is liable for processing leather. Therefore, a person should not anoint his foot with oil while wearing a new shoe or sandal. He may, however, anoint his foot with oil and put on his shoes or sandals, even though they are new. Similarly, he may apply oil to his entire body and roll on a new bed cover without any concern.
When does the above apply? When only a small amount [of oil] is used, enough merely to polish the leather…
Mishneh Torah, Sabbath 23:10
4. A person should not apply oil to his foot while he is wearing a new shoe or sandal (HaChadashim) (Maimoni, Chapter 23) because the remnants of the oil will soften the leather of [the footwear]. This is similar to processing. One] may, however, apply [oil] to his foot and then insert it into a shoe or apply [oil] to his body and roll on a leather [mat] provided a sufficient amount of oil to process [the leather] will not run off his body. [The person] is permitted to do so even if there is sufficient [oil] to polish [the leather] provided he does not intend to polish [the leather].
Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 327:4
5. One is forbidden to salt cooked meat or a cooked egg for later.
Shulchan Arukh, Orach Chayim 321:5
Laws of the Calendar
דיני הלוח העברי
General Laws of Prohibited Work on Shabbat
Laws of Desecrating Shabbat for the Sake of Saving Lives
Rabbinical Shabbat Prohibitions
Laws of Shabbat Lights
Laws of Work Done on Shabbat
Main and Sub Categories of Work
Laws of Plowing on Shabbat
Laws of Planting on Shabbat
Laws of Reaping on Shabbat
Laws of Gathering on Shabbat
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