Rabbi Yitzchak Elchanan Spector was a 19th-century Russian rabbi and communal leader. He served as rabbi in several communities throughout the Russian empire, was involved in the management of the Volozhin yeshiva and the establishment of other institutions of learning, and authored several works on Jewish law. He was active in opposing anti-semitic decrees of the Russian government, helping the Jewish community in the face of oppression, and supporting the efforts of the Chovevei Tzion proto-Zionist movement.