(ג) וְאֵלּוּ שֶׁאֵינָן חוֹזְרִין. הַבּוֹנֶה בֵית שַׁעַר, אַכְסַדְרָה, מִרְפֶּסֶת. הַנּוֹטֵעַ אַרְבָּעָה אִילָנֵי מַאֲכָל, וַחֲמִשָּׁה אִילָנֵי סְרָק. הַמַּחֲזִיר אֶת גְּרוּשָׁתוֹ. אַלְמָנָה לְכֹהֵן גָּדוֹל, גְּרוּשָׁה וַחֲלוּצָה לְכֹהֵן הֶדְיוֹט, מַמְזֶרֶת וּנְתִינָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמַמְזֵר וּלְנָתִין, לֹא הָיָה חוֹזֵר. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אַף הַבּוֹנֶה בַיִת עַל מְכוֹנוֹ, לֹא הָיָה חוֹזֵר. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, אַף הַבּוֹנֶה בֵית לְבֵנִים בַּשָּׁרוֹן, לֹא הָיָה חוֹזֵר:
(ד) וְאֵלּוּ שֶׁאֵין זָזִין מִמְּקוֹמָן. בָּנָה בַיִת וַחֲנָכוֹ, נָטַע כֶּרֶם וְחִלְּלוֹ, הַנּוֹשֵׂא אֶת אֲרוּסָתוֹ, הַכּוֹנֵס אֶת יְבִמְתּוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים כד), נָקִי יִהְיֶה לְבֵיתוֹ שָׁנָה אֶחָת. לְבֵיתוֹ, זֶה בֵּיתוֹ. יִהְיֶה, זֶה כַּרְמוֹ. וְשִׂמַּח אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ, זוֹ אִשְׁתּוֹ. אֲשֶׁר לָקָח, לְהָבִיא אֶת יְבִמְתּוֹ. אֵינָן מַסְפִּיקִין מַיִם וּמָזוֹן וְאֵינָן מְתַקְּנִין אֶת הַדְּרָכִים:
(ה) (שם כ) וְיָסְפוּ הַשֹּׁטְרִים לְדַבֵּר אֶל הָעָם וְאָמְרוּ מִי הָאִישׁ הַיָּרֵא וְרַךְ הַלֵּבָב יֵלֵךְ וְיָשֹׁב לְבֵיתוֹ. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, הַיָּרֵא וְרַךְ הַלֵּבָב, כְּמַשְׁמָעוֹ, שֶׁאֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לַעֲמֹד בְּקִשְׁרֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה וְלִרְאוֹת חֶרֶב שְׁלוּפָה. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי אוֹמֵר, הַיָּרֵא וְרַךְ הַלֵּבָב זֶהוּ הַמִּתְיָרֵא מִן הָעֲבֵרוֹת שֶׁבְּיָדוֹ, לְפִיכָךְ תָּלְתָה לוֹ הַתּוֹרָה אֶת כָּל אֵלּוּ, שֶׁיַּחֲזֹר בִּגְלָלָן. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, אַלְמָנָה לְכֹהֵן גָּדוֹל, גְּרוּשָׁה וַחֲלוּצָה לְכֹהֵן הֶדְיוֹט, מַמְזֶרֶת וּנְתִינָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, בַּת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמַמְזֵר וּלְנָתִין, הֲרֵי הוּא הַיָּרֵא וְרַךְ הַלֵּבָב:
(3) The following do not return home: He who built a gatehouse, a portico or a porch; He who planted four fruit trees or five trees which are not fruit-bearing; He who took back his divorced wife. If a high priest married a widow, or an ordinary priest married a divorcee or a woman who had been released from levirate marriage, or an Israelite married a mamzeret or a netinah [member of a caste of Temple servants, historically descended from the Gibeonites], or the daughter of an Israelite married a mamzer or a natin, he does not return home. Rabbi Yehudah says: even he who builds a house upon its [original] foundations does not return home. Rabbi Eliezer says: even he who builds a brick-house in the Sharon does not return home.
(4) The following do not move from their place: He who built a new house and dedicated it, He who planted a vineyard and redeemed its fruit, He who married his betrothed, He who brought in his dead husband's wife; As it is said, “He shall be exempt one year for the sake of his household [to give happiness to the woman he married]” (Deuteronomy 24:5) “His household,” this refers to his house; “Shall be” refers to his vineyard; “To give happiness to the wife” refers to his wife; “He married” to include his dead brother's wife. These do not supply water and food and repair the roads.
(5) “Then the officers shall go on addressing the troops and say, ‘Is there anyone afraid and disheartened, go and return to his house’” (Deuteronomy 20:8). Rabbi Akiva says: “afraid and disheartened” is to be understood literally, that he cannot stand in the battle lines and see a drawn sword. Rabbi Yose the Galilean says: “afraid and disheartened”—this is the one who is afraid because of the transgressions he has committed; therefore the Torah connected all these with him that he may return home on their account. Rabbi Yose says: a high priest who married a widow, an ordinary priest who married a divorcee or woman released from levirate marriage, an Israelite who married a mamzeret or netinah, and the daughter of an Israelite who married a mamzer or a natin—behold this one is “afraid and disheartened.”