(13) Thou shalt not murder. Thou shalt not commit adultery. Thou shalt not steal. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.
(1) If a thief be found breaking in, and is struck [by the homeowner] and dies, there shall be no blood-guilt for his death.
(א) אם במחתרת. כשהיה חותר את הבית:
(ב) אין לו דמים. אין זו רציחה, הרי הוא כמת מעיקרו כאן למדתך תורה אם בא להרגך, השכם להרגו, וזה להרגך בא שהרי יודע הוא, שאין אדם מעמיד עצמו ורואה שנוטלין ממונו בפניו ושותק, לפיכך על מנת כן בא, שאם יעמוד בעל הממון כנגדו יהרגנו:
In such a case, there is no blood-guilt, for the burglar has been "dead" from the very beginning of his criminal act. Here the Torah has taught: If someone comes to kill you, rise up and kill him. This person came to kill you, for he knows that a person will not simply stand aside, watch himself be robbed and keep quiet; therefore he comes with the intent that if the owner resists giving up his possessions, he will kill him.
If the sun rises upon him, there shall be blood-guilt for his death, and [the homeowner] shall make restitution; if he cannot, then he shall be sold to compensate for his theft.
Rabbi Abraham Ibn Daud (the "Raivad", 12th c. Provence):
We presume that a robber would only come during the day to grab something and immediately run away, but would not linger to engage in a major robbery which would entail staying to kill the owners. It is only at night, when the robber comes knowing that the owner is at home, that he comes with the intent to kill or be killed.
(ד) לא יצא האיש לא בסיף, ולא בקשת, ולא בתריס, ולא באלה, ולא ברמח. ואם יצא, חיב חטאת. רבי אליעזר אומר: תכשיטין הן לו. וחכמים אומרים: אינן אלא לגנאי, שנאמר (ישעיה ב) וכתתו חרבותם לאתים וחניתותיהם למזמרות, לא ישא גוי אל גוי חרב ולא ילמדו עוד מלחמה. בירית, טהורה, ויוצאין בה בשבת. כבלים טמאין, ואין יוצאין בהן בשבת.
A man may not travel [on Shabbat] with a sword, or a bow, or a square shield, or a round shield, or a spear. If he travels [with any of these], he must bring a sin-offering. Rabbi Eliezer says: No, they are merely ornaments. But the Sages say: They are a pure indignity, for it is said, "They shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears unto pruning-hooks; nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more." [Isaiah 2:4].
(ז) וַיֹּ֥אמֶר דָּוִ֖יד לִשְׁלֹמֹ֑ה בנו [בְּנִ֕י] אֲנִי֙ הָיָ֣ה עִם־לְבָבִ֔י לִבְנ֣וֹת בַּ֔יִת לְשֵׁ֖ם יי אֱלֹהָֽי׃ (ח) וַיְהִ֨י עָלַ֤י דְּבַר־יי לֵאמֹ֔ר דָּ֤ם לָרֹב֙ שָׁפַ֔כְתָּ וּמִלְחָמ֥וֹת גְּדֹל֖וֹת עָשִׂ֑יתָ לֹֽא־תִבְנֶ֥ה בַ֙יִת֙ לִשְׁמִ֔י כִּ֚י דָּמִ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים שָׁפַ֥כְתָּ אַ֖רְצָה לְפָנָֽי׃ (ט) הִנֵּה־בֵ֞ן נוֹלָ֣ד לָ֗ךְ ה֤וּא יִהְיֶה֙ אִ֣ישׁ מְנוּחָ֔ה וַהֲנִח֥וֹתִי ל֛וֹ מִכָּל־אוֹיְבָ֖יו מִסָּבִ֑יב כִּ֤י שְׁלֹמֹה֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה שְׁמ֔וֹ וְשָׁל֥וֹם וָשֶׁ֛קֶט אֶתֵּ֥ן עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּיָמָֽיו׃
(7) And David said to Solomon: ‘My son, as for me, I had intended to build a house for the name of the LORD. (8) But the word of the LORD came to me, saying: Since you have shed blood excessively, and waged many wars, you must not build a house for My name, because you have shed blood upon the earth before Me. (9) Behold, a son will be born to you, who shall be a man of rest; and I will give him peace from all his enemies; his name shall be Solomon, and I will grant peace and tranquility to Israel in his days.