ASBI Parent/Child Learning Shoftim 5780: No fair! Why doesn't the tribe of Levi get a portion in the land of Israel?

(כז) וְהַלֵּוִ֥י אֲשֶׁר־בִּשְׁעָרֶ֖יךָ לֹ֣א תַֽעַזְבֶ֑נּוּ כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין ל֛וֹ חֵ֥לֶק וְנַחֲלָ֖ה עִמָּֽךְ׃ (ס)

(27) But do not neglect the Levite in your community, for he has no hereditary portion as you have.
(ח) בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֗וא הִבְדִּ֤יל ה' אֶת־שֵׁ֣בֶט הַלֵּוִ֔י לָשֵׂ֖את אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן בְּרִית־ה' לַעֲמֹד֩ לִפְנֵ֨י ה' לְשָֽׁרְתוֹ֙ וּלְבָרֵ֣ךְ בִּשְׁמ֔וֹ עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ (ט) עַל־כֵּ֞ן לֹֽא־הָיָ֧ה לְלֵוִ֛י חֵ֥לֶק וְנַחֲלָ֖ה עִם־אֶחָ֑יו ה' ה֣וּא נַחֲלָת֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבֶּ֛ר ה' אֱלֹקֶ֖יךָ לֽוֹ׃
(8) At that time the LORD set apart the tribe of Levi to carry the Ark of the LORD’s Covenant, to stand in attendance upon the LORD, and to bless in His name, as is still the case. (9) That is why the Levites have received no hereditary portion along with their kinsmen: the LORD is their portion, as the LORD your God spoke concerning them.
על כן לא היה ללוי חלק. לְפִי שֶׁהֻבְדְּלוּ לַעֲבוֹדַת מִזְבֵּחַ וְאֵינָן פְּנוּיִין לַחֲרֹשׁ וְלִזְרֹעַ:
על כן לא היה ללוי חלק WHEREFORE LEVI HATH NO PORTION — because they have been singled out for the service of the altar (v. 8), and therefore were not free to plough and sow.

(א) לֹֽא־יִ֠הְיֶה לַכֹּהֲנִ֨ים הַלְוִיִּ֜ם כָּל־שֵׁ֧בֶט לֵוִ֛י חֵ֥לֶק וְנַחֲלָ֖ה עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אִשֵּׁ֧י ה' וְנַחֲלָת֖וֹ יֹאכֵלֽוּן׃ (ב) וְנַחֲלָ֥ה לֹא־יִֽהְיֶה־לּ֖וֹ בְּקֶ֣רֶב אֶחָ֑יו ה' ה֣וּא נַחֲלָת֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּר־לֽוֹ׃ (ס)

(1) The levitical priests, the whole tribe of Levi, shall have no territorial portion with Israel. They shall live only off the LORD’s offerings by fire as their portion, (2) and shall have no portion among their brother tribes: the LORD is their portion, as He promised them.
שֵׁבֶט לֵוִי אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵין לָהֶם חֵלֶק בָּאָרֶץ כְּבָר נִצְטַוּוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל לִתֵּן לָהֶם עָרִים לָשֶׁבֶת וּמִגְרְשֵׁיהֶם. וְהֶעָרִים הֵם שֵׁשׁ עָרֵי מִקְלָט וַעֲלֵיהֶן שְׁתַּיִם וְאַרְבָּעִים עִיר. וּכְשֶׁמּוֹסִיפִין עָרֵי מִקְלָט אֲחֵרוֹת בִּימֵי הַמָּשִׁיחַ הַכּל לַלְוִיִּם:
Although the tribe of Levi was not allotted a share in the land, the Israelites had already been commanded to assign to them special towns to dwell in, and pasture lands surrounding them. Those towns included the six cities of refuge as well as forty-two additional localities.— —
שלא ינחל שבט לוי בארץ ישראל - שלא לטל כל שבט לוי חלק בארץ, זולתי הערים הידועות ומגרשיהן, כמו שמבאר בכתוב, ועל זה נאמר (דברים יח א) לא יהיה לכהנים הלוים כל שבט לוי חלק ונחלה.
That the tribe of Levi not inherit in the Land of Israel: That the whole tribe of Levi not take a portion in the Land, except for the well-known cities and their open areas, as is elucidated in Scripture. And about this is it stated (Deuteronomy 18:1), "There shall not be a portion and inheritance for the priests, the Levites - the entire tribe of Levi."

(יב) וְלָמָּה לֹא זָכָה לֵוִי בְּנַחֲלַת אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל וּבְבִזָּתָהּ עִם אֶחָיו מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֻבְדַּל לַעֲבֹד אֶת ה' לְשָׁרְתוֹ וּלְהוֹרוֹת דְּרָכָיו הַיְשָׁרִים וּמִשְׁפָּטָיו הַצַּדִּיקִים לָרַבִּים שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים לג י) "יוֹרוּ מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ לְיַעֲקֹב וְתוֹרָתְךָ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל". לְפִיכָךְ הֻבְדְּלוּ מִדַּרְכֵי הָעוֹלָם לֹא עוֹרְכִין מִלְחָמָה כִּשְׁאָר יִשְׂרָאֵל וְלֹא נוֹחֲלִין וְלֹא זוֹכִין לְעַצְמָן בְּכֹחַ גּוּפָן. אֶלָּא הֵם חֵיל הַשֵּׁם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים לג יא) "בָּרֵךְ ה' חֵילוֹ". וְהוּא בָּרוּךְ הוּא זוֹכֶה לָהֶם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר יח כ) "אֲנִי חֶלְקְךָ וְנַחֲלָתְךָ":

(12) Why were the Levites not allotted land in Eretz Yisrael or a share in its booty along with their brethren? Because they were singled out to serve the Lord and minister to him, to teach his upright ways and just laws to many people, as it is written: "They shall teach thy laws to Jacob, and thy instruction to Israel" (Deuteronomy 33:10). For this reason, they were separated from worldly affairs: they fought no battles like the rest of Israel; they inherited no land; they won nothing by means of their physical ability. They are indeed the Lord's army, as it is written: "Bless, O Lord, his substance" (11). He, blessed be he, has won them for himself, as it is written: "I am your portion and your share" (Numbers 18:20).

משרשי המצוה. כדי שיהיה כל עסק השבט הזה, בעבודת האל ברוך הוא. ולא יצטרכו לעבוד את האדמה, ושאר השבטים נותנין להם חלק מכל אשר להם, מבלי שיגעו הם בדבר כלל, כענין שכתבתי למעלה במצות מעשר בסדר ויקח קרח (מצוה שצה).
It is from the roots of the commandment [that it is] so that all of the involvement of this tribe be in the service of God, blessed be He, and that they need not work the land. And the rest of the tribes give them a portion from all that they have without [the Levites] toiling for it at all - like the matter that I wrote above on the commandment of tithes in the Order of Vayikach Korach (Sefer HaChinukh 395).
(ה) שִׁמְע֥וֹן וְלֵוִ֖י אַחִ֑ים כְּלֵ֥י חָמָ֖ס מְכֵרֹתֵיהֶֽם׃ (ו) בְּסֹדָם֙ אַל־תָּבֹ֣א נַפְשִׁ֔י בִּקְהָלָ֖ם אַל־תֵּחַ֣ד כְּבֹדִ֑י כִּ֤י בְאַפָּם֙ הָ֣רְגוּ אִ֔ישׁ וּבִרְצֹנָ֖ם עִקְּרוּ־שֽׁוֹר׃ (ז) אָר֤וּר אַפָּם֙ כִּ֣י עָ֔ז וְעֶבְרָתָ֖ם כִּ֣י קָשָׁ֑תָה אֲחַלְּקֵ֣ם בְּיַעֲקֹ֔ב וַאֲפִיצֵ֖ם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ (ס)
(5) Simeon and Levi are a pair; Their weapons are tools of lawlessness. (6) Let not my person be included in their council, Let not my being be counted in their assembly. For when angry they slay men, And when pleased they maim oxen. (7) Cursed be their anger so fierce, And their wrath so relentless. I will divide them in Jacob, Scatter them in Israel.
ארור אפם כי עז. אֲפִלּוּ בִּשְׁעַת תּוֹכֵחָה לֹא קִלֵּל אֶלָּא אַפָּם, וְזֶהוּ שֶׁאָמַר בִּלְעָם מָה אֶקֹּב לֹא קַבֹּה אֵל (במדבר כ"ג):
ארור אפם כי עז CURSED BE TIIEIR WRATH, FOR IT IS POWERFUL — Even when he was reproving them he did not curse them but their anger. That is what Balaam said: (Numbers 23:8) “How can I curse them since אל hath not cursed them?” (Genesis Rabbah 99:6)
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