(יט) הַעִידֹ֨תִי בָכֶ֣ם הַיּוֹם֮ אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם וְאֶת־הָאָרֶץ֒ הַחַיִּ֤ים וְהַמָּ֙וֶת֙ נָתַ֣תִּי לְפָנֶ֔יךָ הַבְּרָכָ֖ה וְהַקְּלָלָ֑ה וּבָֽחַרְתָּ֙ בַּֽחַיִּ֔ים לְמַ֥עַן תִּחְיֶ֖ה אַתָּ֥ה וְזַרְעֶֽךָ׃
(19) I call heaven and earth to witness against you this day: I have put before you life and death, blessing and curse. Choose life—if you and your offspring would live...
(ב) ובחרת בחיים. אֲנִי מוֹרֶה לָכֶם שֶׁתִּבְחֲרוּ בְּחֵלֶק הַחַיִּים, כְּאָדָם הָאוֹמֵר לִבְנוֹ, בְּחַר לְךָ חֵלֶק יָפֶה בְנַחֲלָתִי, וּמַעֲמִידוֹ עַל חֵלֶק הַיָּפֶה וְאוֹמֵר לוֹ אֶת זֶה בְּרֹר לְךָ, וְעַל זֶה נֶאֱמַר (תהילים ט"ז) "ה' מְנָת חֶלְקִי וְכוֹסִי אַתָּה תּוֹמִיךְ גּוֹרָלִי" — הִנַּחְתָּ יָדִי עַל גּוֹרָל הַטּוֹב לוֹמַר אֶת זֶה קַח לְךָ:
Comment: All of these are options. You get to choose which kind of "life" you want for yourself, based on your actions...because that is how God will render judgement and met out the circumstances of your life.
(17) Perchance there is among you some man or woman, or some clan or tribe, whose heart is even now turning away from Adonai our God to go and worship the gods of those nations—perchance there is among you a stock sprouting poison weed and wormwood. (18) When such a one hears the words of these sanctions, they may fancy himself immune, thinking, “I shall be safe, though I follow my own willful heart”—to the utter ruin of moist and dry alike. (19) Adonai will never forgive them; rather will Adonai's anger and passion rage against that person, till every sanction recorded in this book comes down upon them, and Adonai blots out their name from under heaven.
Based on our reading of Deuteronomy 30:19, is this choosing life? Why or why not?
What do these verses tell us about forgiveness? How does God deal with anger and forgiveness?
...the Gemara relates: There were these hooligans in Rabbi Meir’s neighborhood who caused him a great deal of anguish. Rabbi Meir prayed for God to have mercy on them, that they should die.
Rabbi Meir’s wife, Brurya, said to him: What is your thinking? On what basis do you pray for the death of these hooligans? Do you base yourself on the verse, as it is written: “Let sins cease from the land” (Psalms 104:35), which you interpret to mean that the world would be better if the wicked were destroyed?
(35) May sinners disappear from the earth, and the wicked be no more. Blessed is Adonai, O my soul. Hallelujah.
The rest of the psalm is all about God's power, how God manifests on the earth and holds control over it.
But what does this verse actually seem to be saying? Is it related to the rest of the psalm? What do we learn about sinners and the wicked?
But is it written, let sinners cease?” Let sins cease, is written. One should pray for an end to their transgressions, not for the demise of the transgressors themselves. Moreover, go to the end of the verse, where it says: “And the wicked will be no more.” If, as you suggest, transgressions shall cease refers to the demise of the evildoers, how is it possible that the wicked will be no more, i.e., that they will no longer be evil? Rather, pray for God to have mercy on them, that they should repent, as if they repent, then the wicked will be no more, as they will have repented.
1. What is Bruriya telling her husband, Rabbi Meir?
2. Why is it an important piece of information for him to have?
3. How does Bruriya's understanding of the Psalms verse help us understand our own responsibility with regard to repentance/teshuvah?
4. How should we treat a. others who are not repentant and b. ourselves when we commit a sin?
ראה אנכי נותן לפניכם היום ברכה וקללה - לפי שנאמר (דברים ל׳:י״ט) החיים והמות נתתי לפניך הברכה והקללה, שמא יאמרו ישראל, הואיל ונתן הקב"ה לפנינו שני דרכים דרך החיים ודרך המות - נלך באיזו מהם שנרצה? ת"ל ובחרת בחיים למען תחיה אתה וזרעך! משל לאחד שהיה יושב בפרשת דרכים, והיו לפניו שני שבילים: אחד שתחלתו מישור וסופו קוצים, ואחד שתחלתו קוצים וסופו מישור; והיה מודיע את העוברים ואת השבים, ואומר להם: שאתם רואים שביל שתחילתו מישור - בשתים ושלש פסיעות אתה מהלך במישור, וסופו לצאת בקוצים; ואתם רואים שביל זה שתחלתו קוצים - בשתים ושלש פסיעות אתה מהלך בקוצים, וסופו לצאת במישור. כך אמר להם משה לישראל: אתם רואים את הרשעים שהם מצליחים - בשנים ושלשה ימים הם מצליחים בעולם הזה, וסופו לדחות באחרונה; שנאמר (משלי כד) כי לא תהיה אחרית לרע, ואומר (קהלת ד) הנה דמעת העשוקים, ואומר (קהלת ד) הכסיל חובק את ידיו, ואומר (משלי ד) דרך רשעים באפילה. והם רואים את הצדיקים, כשהם מצטערים בעולם הזה - בשנים ושלשה ימים מצטערים, וסופן לשמוח באחרונה; שנאמר (דברים ח) להטיבך באחריתך, ואומר (קהלת ז) טוב אחרית דבר מראשיתו, ואומר (ירמיה כט) כי אני ידעתי את המחשבות אשר אני חושב, ואומר (תהלים צז) אור זרוע לצדיק, (משלי ד) אורח צדיקים כאור נוגה.
(Devarim 11:26) "Behold, I set before you this day blessing and curse": Because it is written (Ibid. 30:19) "The life and the death have I set before you, the blessing and the curse," lest Israel say: Since God set before us two ways, the way of life and the way of death, we can choose whichever we wish; ... An analogy: A person is sitting at the crossroads, with two paths stretching before them, one, whose beginning is level and whose end is thorns, and one whose beginning is thorns and whose end is level. They apprises the passersby: This path whose beginning you see to be level — for two or three steps you will walk on level ground, and, in the end, on thorns. And this path whose beginning you see to be thorny — for two or three steps you will walk in thorns, and in the end you will walk on level ground. Thus did Moses speak to Israel: You see the wicked prospering — For two or three days they will prosper in this world, and in the end, they will be cast away,
as it is written (Proverbs 24:20) "For there is no (good) end for the wicked one," and (Kohelet 4:5) "The fool folds his hands together (in contentment), and, (in the end) he eats his own flesh."
They see the righteous suffering in this world. Their end is to rejoice, viz. (Devarim 8:16) "to benefit you in your latter end." And it is written (Kohelet 7:8) "Better the end of a thing than its beginning."
What is this midrash trying to tell us? How do we learn about what forgiveness feels like and how we can move forward with it?