A Cabala da Inveja 23 "VI. Gostando do Inimigo"

“O Rabi Mikal passou este ensinamento a seus filhos: ‘Rezem por seus inimigos, para que tudo esteja bem com eles. E, se vocês acharem que isto não é servir a D’us, fiquem seguros de que, mais do que qualquer oração, este tipo de amor é realmente servir a D’us!’”

Excerpt From: Nilton Bonder. “A Cabala da inveja.”

Shmuel HaKatan e seu humildade

שְׁמוּאֵל הַקָּטָן אוֹמֵר, (משלי כד) בִּנְפֹל אוֹיִבְךָ אַל תִּשְׂמָח וּבִכָּשְׁלוֹ אַל יָגֵל לִבֶּךָ, פֶּן יִרְאֶה ה' וְרַע בְּעֵינָיו וְהֵשִׁיב מֵעָלָיו אַפּוֹ:

Shmuel Hakatan said: “If your enemy falls, do not exult; if he trips, let your heart not rejoice, lest the Lord see it and be displeased, and avert his wrath from him” (Proverbs 24:17).

וְלַמַּלְשִׁינִים אַל תְּהִי תִקְוָה וְכָל הָרִשְׁעָה כְּרֶֽגַע תֹּאבֵד וְכָל אֹיְבֶֽיךָ מְהֵרָה יִכָּרֵֽתוּ וְהַזֵּדִים מְהֵרָה תְעַקֵּר וּתְשַׁבֵּר וּתְמַגֵּר וְתַכְנִֽיעַ בִּמְהֵרָה בְיָמֵֽינוּ: בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה' שׁוֹבֵר אֹיְ֒בִים וּמַכְנִֽיעַ זֵדִים:

Let there be no hope for informers 34This petition was added to the original Eighteen Benedictions. It was ordained by Rabban Gamliel and his Bais Din in Yavneh, according to the text of Shmuel HaKattan, its author (Maseches Berachos 28:b). It is directed against the early Christians who informed against Jews to the Roman authorities after the destruction of the Second Temple, causing them to be put to an excruciatingly painful death. and may all wickedness35Not the “wicked,” but “wickedness.” This particular prayer is based on the Talmudic interpretation of the verse, “Let sins be terminated on earth and the wicked will be no more” (Psalms 104:36). instantly perish; may all the enemies of Your people36The internal enemies of the Jews, against whom this prayer was originally directed, disappeared within a short time. be swiftly cut off, and may You quickly uproot, crush, rout and subdue the insolent, speedily in our days. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Crusher of enemies. and Subduer of the insolent.

“Nela nos debatemos, nos enfrentamos de maneira tão feroz que, à maneira de Jacó em sua luta com D’us, nosso nome se mistura. Nossa personalidade parece a ponto de esfacelar e, quando isto está por acontecer, nasce um outro dia. Nosso nome já é outro.”

Excerpt From: Nilton Bonder. “A Cabala da inveja.”

Nos vinculando positivamente com o "inimigo"Vingança vs. Amor ao proximo

(יח) לֹֽא־תִקֹּ֤ם וְלֹֽא־תִטֹּר֙ אֶת־בְּנֵ֣י עַמֶּ֔ךָ וְאָֽהַבְתָּ֥ לְרֵעֲךָ֖ כָּמ֑וֹךָ אֲנִ֖י ה'׃

(18) You shall not take vengeance or bear a grudge against your countrymen. Love your fellow as yourself: I am the LORD.

(א) לא תקם. אָמַר לוֹ הַשְׁאִילֵנִי מַגָּלְךָ, אָמַר לוֹ לָאו, לְמָחָר אָמַר לוֹ הַשְׁאִילֵנִי קַרְדֻּמְּךָ, אָמַר לוֹ אֵינִי מַשְׁאִילְךָ כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁלֹּא הִשְׁאַלְתַּנִי, זוֹ הִיא נְקִימָה; וְאֵיזוֹ הִיא נְטִירָה? אָמַר לוֹ הַשְׁאִילֵנִי אֶת קַרְדֻּמְּךָ, אָמַר לוֹ לָאו, לְמָחָר אָמַר לוֹ הַשְׁאִילֵנִי מַגָּלְךָ, אָמַר לוֹ הֵא לְךָ, אֵינִי כְמוֹתְךָ שֶׁלֹּא הִשְׁאַלְתַּנִי, זוֹ הִיא נְטִירָה, שֶׁנּוֹטֵר הָאֵיבָה בְּלִבּוֹ, אַעַ"פִּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ נוֹקֵם (ספרא; יומא כ"ג):

(1) לא תקם THOU SHALT NOT AVENGE — If one says to another “Lend me your sickle", and he replies, “No!", and the next day he (the latter) says to him (the former), “Lend me your hatchet”, and he retorts, “I am not going to lend it to you, just as you refused to lend me your sickle״ — this is avenging. And what is “bearing a grudge”? If one says to another, “Lend me your hatchet”, and he replies “No!” and on the next day he says to him “Lend me your sickle”, and he replies: “Here it is; I am not like you, because you would not lend me” — this is called “bearing a grudge (נטירה)” because he retains (נוטר) enmity in his heart although he does not actually avenge himself (Sifra, Kedoshim, Chapter 4 10-11; Yoma 23a).

Pergunta para pensar o texto

1. Qual diferença faz RaSh"I entre "vingança" e "ressentimento". O que você acha?

2. Tem alguma situação que você teve vontade de se vingar? e alguma que você ficou resentido/a?

Misericordia

Pragas no Seder de Pessach

Hallel 1/2

Paz com os inimigos
הִלֵּל וְשַׁמַּאי קִבְּלוּ מֵהֶם. הִלֵּל אוֹמֵר, הֱוֵי מִתַּלְמִידָיו שֶׁל אַהֲרֹן, אוֹהֵב שָׁלוֹם וְרוֹדֵף שָׁלוֹם, אוֹהֵב אֶת הַבְּרִיּוֹת וּמְקָרְבָן לַתּוֹרָה:

Hillel and Shammai received [the oral tradition] from them. Hillel used to say: be of the disciples of Aaron, loving peace and pursuing peace, loving mankind and drawing them close to the Torah.

Juntos é A opção

אֲזַל לְבֵיתֵיהּ אֲמַר לְהוּ בְּרֵיהּ דְּחוֹנִי הַמְעַגֵּל מִי קַיָּים אֲמַרוּ לֵיהּ בְּרֵיהּ לֵיתֵאּ בַּר בְּרֵיהּ אִיתֵאּ אֲמַר לְהוּ אֲנָא חוֹנִי הַמְעַגֵּל לָא הֵימְנוּהוּ אֲזַל לְבֵית הַמִּדְרָשׁ שַׁמְעִינְהוּ לְרַבָּנַן דְּקָאָמְרִי נְהִירָן שְׁמַעְתָּתִין כְּבִשְׁנֵי חוֹנִי הַמְעַגֵּל דְּכִי הָוֵי עָיֵיל לְבֵית מִדְרְשָׁא כֹּל קוּשְׁיָא דַּהֲווֹ לְהוּ לְרַבָּנַן הֲוָה מְפָרֵק לְהוּ אָמַר לְהוּ אֲנָא נִיהוּ וְלָא הֵימְנוּהוּ וְלָא עָבְדִי לֵיהּ יְקָרָא כִּדְמִבְּעֵי לֵיהּ חֲלַשׁ דַּעְתֵּיהּ בְּעָא רַחֲמֵי וּמִית אָמַר רָבָא הַיְינוּ דְּאָמְרִי אִינָשֵׁי אוֹ חַבְרוּתָא אוֹ מִיתוּתָא

Ḥoni went home and said to the members of the household: Is the son of Ḥoni HaMe’aggel alive? They said to him: His son is no longer with us, but his son’s son is alive. He said to them: I am Ḥoni HaMe’aggel. They did not believe him. He went to the study hall, where he heard the Sages say about one scholar: His halakhot are as enlightening and as clear as in the years of Ḥoni HaMe’aggel, for when Ḥoni HaMe’aggel would enter the study hall he would resolve for the Sages any difficulty they had. Ḥoni said to them: I am he, but they did not believe him and did not pay him proper respect. Ḥoni became very upset, prayed for mercy, and died. Rava said: This explains the folk saying that people say: Either friendship or death, as one who has no friends is better off dead.
Tem inveja positiva?
קִנְאַת סוֹפְרִים תַּרְבֶּה חָכְמָה
Jealousy among teachers increases wisdom.

Yitzchak Rabin – Former Prime minister of Israel

“You don’t make peace with friends. You make it with very unsavory enemies”

Shimon Peres – Israeli Statesman and former President of Israel

“I think peace should be done not only among governments but among people. It was impossible before the Facebook.”

Baruch Spinoza - Secular Jewish Philosopher

“ Peace is not an absence of war; it is a virtue, a state of mind, a disposition for benevolence, confidence, justice.”