Parashat Ki Tavo: Midrash
Ilustration Credit: Noa Kelner

Midrash מִדְרָשׁ

Moshe says something a little strange:
(ג) וְלֹא־נָתַן֩ יהוה לָכֶ֥ם לֵב֙ לָדַ֔עַת וְעֵינַ֥יִם לִרְא֖וֹת וְאׇזְנַ֣יִם לִשְׁמֹ֑עַ עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃
But God did not give you a heart to know or eyes to see or ears to hear until this very day.
How could Moshe say they didn’t have a heart or eyes or ears? And what changed on that day?
Rashi explains with a midrash he once learned:
שָׁמַעְתִּי שֶׁאוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם שֶׁנָּתַן מֹשֶׁה סֵפֶר הַתּוֹרָה לִבְנֵי לֵוִי, כְּמוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב (דברים לא) "וַיִּתְּנָהּ אֶל הַכֹּהֲנִים בְּנֵי לֵוִי", בָּאוּ כָל יִשְׂרָאֵל לִפְנֵי מֹשֶׁה וְאָמְרוּ לוֹ מֹשֶׁה רַבֵּנוּ, אַף אָנוּ עָמַדְנוּ בְסִינַי וְקִבַּלְנוּ אֶת הַתּוֹרָה וְנִתְּנָה לָנוּ, וּמָה אַתָּה מַשְׁלִיט אֶת בְּנֵי שִׁבְטְךָ עָלֶיהָ וְיֹאמְרוּ לָנוּ יוֹם מָחָר לֹא לָכֶם נִתְּנָה, לָנוּ נִתְּנָה.
וְשָׂמַח מֹשֶׁה עַל הַדָּבָר, וְעַל זֹאת אָמַר לָהֶם "הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה נִהְיֵיתָ לְעָם," הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה הֵבַנְתִּי שֶׁאַתֶּם דְּבֵקִים וַחֲפֵצִים בַּמָּקוֹם.
I learned that on the day that Moshe gave a Torah scroll to the Levi’im—as it is written, “And he gave it to the kohanim, sons of Levi” (Devarim 31:9)—all of Israel came before Moshe and said to him, “Moshe Rabbeinu (our teacher)! We also stood at Sinai and received the Torah and it was given to us! So why are you handing control over it to the people of your tribe? They could say to us in the future, ‘It was not given to you; it was given to us.’”
And Moshe was happy about their request, and about this he said to them, “This very day you have become a people” (Devarim 27:9)—meaning: This very day I understood that you stick to God and want God!
According to this midrash, “this very day” was the day when Moshe finally saw that Benei Yisrael loved God and the Torah and wanted both for themselves.
  • Why is this described as finally getting a heart and eyes and ears? What does this teach us about what a heart, eyes, and ears are for? How do hearts, eyes, and ears connect to desiring Torah and God?
  • Why is it so important to make sure that every Jew feels they are connected to the Torah?
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