42 Eiruvin 4/1-4

(א) מי שהוציאוהו גוים או רוח רעה, אין לו אלא ארבע אמות. החזירוהו, כאילו לא יצא. הוליכוהו לעיר אחרת, נתנוהו בדיר או בסהר - רבן גמליאל ורבי אלעזר בן עזריה אומרים: מהלך את כלה. רבי יהושע ורבי עקיבא אומרים: אין לו אלא ארבע אמות. מעשה שבאו מפרנדיסין והפליגה ספינתם בים, רבן גמליאל ורבי אלעזר בן עזריה הלכו את כלה, רבי יהושע ורבי עקיבא לא זזו מארבע אמות, שרצו להחמיר על עצמן.

(ב) פעם אחת לא נכנסו לנמל עד שחשכה. אמרו לו לרבן גמליאל: מה אנו לירד. אמר להן: מתרים אתם, שכבר הייתי מסתכל, והיינו בתוך התחום עד שלא חשכה.

(ג) מי שיצא ברשות, ואמרו לו: כבר נעשה מעשה - יש לו אלפים אמה לכל רוח, אם היה בתוך התחום, כאלו לא יצא, שכל היוצאים להציל, חוזרין למקומן.


(ד) מי שישב בדרך, ועמד וראה והרי הוא סמוך לעיר, (הואיל) ולא היתה כונתו לכך, לא יכנס, דברי רבי מאיר. רבי יהודה אומר: יכנס. אמר רבי יהודה: מעשה היה ונכנס רבי טרפון בלא מתכון.

(1) If [hostile] gentiles, or an evil spirit [a fit of insanity], caused a man to go out [of the techum - the area around a person or community within which it is permissible to travel on Shabbat], he must not [when recovering his own free agency] move further than four amot [a specific unit of length]; if they [the gentiles or the fit] bring him back [within the techum], it is as if he had not gone out. If they carried him into another town, or put him into a pen or fold [for cattle], Rabban Gamaliel, and Rabbi Eliezer ben Azariah say, "He may walk [throughout] all of it." But Rabbi Yehoshua and Rabbi Akiva say, "He only has four amot within which to move." It once happened that they [these four sages] came from Perendisin, and their ship went out to sea [on Shabbat]: Rabban Gamliel and Rabbi Eliezer ben Azariah walked [throughout] all of [the vessel]; but Rabbi Yehoshua and Rabbi Akiva did not move beyond four amot, since they wanted to be strict upon themselves.

(2) Once [on a Shabbat-eve] they [the above Sages were on board a ship that] did not enter the harbor until it became dark; they said to Rabban Gamaliel, "What are we [to do, regarding] descending [from the ship]?" He said [back] to them, "You are permitted; for I already observed that we had entered [within] the techum before it got dark."

(3) He who went out [of the techum] with permission [of the Rabbis on an important matter], and they said to him, "The thing has already been done," has [is allowed to go] two thousand amot in any direction. If he was still within the techum, it is as if he had not gone out; since all those who go out to save [lives] are [permitted to] return to their place [on Shabbat].

(4) He who sat down on the road [towards dusk on the Shabbat-eve], and [then] stood up and saw, behold, he is near a town, since it had not been his intention to [enter the town], he may not enter - so says Rabbi Meir; Rabbi Yehuda says, "He may enter." Rabbi Yehuda said, "It once happened that Rabbi Tarfon entered [a town], without [the] intention [to do so]."