אַל־נָ֣א יָשִׂ֣ים אֲדֹנִ֣י ׀ אֶת־לִבּ֡וֹ אֶל־אִישׁ֩ הַבְּלִיַּ֨עַל הַזֶּ֜ה עַל־נָבָ֗ל כִּ֤י כִשְׁמוֹ֙ כֶּן־ה֔וּא נָבָ֣ל שְׁמ֔וֹ וּנְבָלָ֖ה עִמּ֑וֹ...

Please, my lord, pay no attention to that wretched man—to Nabal. For he is just what his name says: His name means ‘boor’ and he is a boor.…”

(The above rendering comes from the RJPS translation, an adaptation of the NJPS translation. Before accounting for this rendering, I will analyze the plain sense of the Hebrew term containing אִישׁ, by employing a situation-oriented construal as outlined in this document, pp. 11–16.)


The situating noun אִישׁ is commonly used in schematically framed appeals such as this one. Abigail apposes two labels for her husband—the second one being his name. The first is a reference-point formula that employs the situating noun to profile him as an essential participant in the situation of concern.


As for rendering into English, the NJPS ‘that wretched fellow’ misses the fact that Abigail is mainly addressing David’s reaction to the unpleasant situation under discussion; it focuses attention instead on how she characterizes her husband. (The rendering ‘fellow’ dates back at least to the 1901 ASV and is quite common; few translations seem to correctly reflect the discourse function of אִישׁ here.) The English situating noun man works best without an appositive, so I separate the two apposed referring expressions with an em dash.